Research Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Kløvervænget 10, 10th floor, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
Odense Patient Data Explorative Network (OPEN), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9a 3rd floor, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
Prev Med. 2018 Sep;114:140-148. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.06.014. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
In this study, we examined how any, full, and partial breastfeeding durations were associated with maternal risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and how prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference 7 years postpartum influenced these associations. A total of 63,260 women with live-born singleton infants in the Danish National Birth Cohort (1996-2002) were included. Interviews during pregnancy and 6 and 18 months postpartum provided information on prepregnancy weight, height, and the duration of full and partial breastfeeding. Waist circumference was self-reported 7 years postpartum. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios of incident hypertension and CVD, registered in the National Patient Register from either 18 months or 7 years postpartum through 15 years postpartum. Any breastfeeding ≥4 months was associated with 20-30% lower risks of hypertension and CVD compared to <4 months in both normal/underweight and overweight/obese women. At follow-up starting 7 years postpartum, similar risk reductions were observed after accounting for waist circumference adjusted for BMI. Partial breastfeeding >2 months compared to ≤2 months, following up to 6 months of full breastfeeding, was associated with 10-25% lower risk of hypertension and CVD. Compared with short breastfeeding duration, additional partial breastfeeding was as important as additional full breastfeeding in reducing risk of hypertension and CVD. Altogether, longer duration of breastfeeding was associated with lower maternal risk of hypertension and CVD irrespective of prepregnancy BMI and abdominal adiposity 7 years after delivery. Both full and partial breastfeeding contributed to an improved cardiovascular health in mothers.
在这项研究中，我们研究了母乳喂养的持续时间（完全母乳喂养、部分母乳喂养和任何母乳喂养）与母亲高血压和心血管疾病（CVD）风险的关系，以及产后 7 年的孕前体重指数（BMI）和腰围如何影响这些关联。共有 63260 名在丹麦国家出生队列（1996-2002 年）中分娩的单胎活产婴儿的妇女被纳入研究。怀孕期间和产后 6 个月和 18 个月的访谈提供了有关孕前体重、身高以及完全母乳喂养和部分母乳喂养持续时间的信息。产后 7 年时自我报告了腰围。使用 Cox 回归模型估计了从产后 18 个月或 7 个月开始至产后 15 年期间高血压和 CVD 的发病风险比，这些数据来源于国家患者登记处。与母乳喂养<4 个月相比，母乳喂养≥4 个月与正常/低体重和超重/肥胖女性的高血压和 CVD 风险降低 20-30%相关。在产后 7 年开始的随访中，在考虑了 BMI 调整后的腰围后，观察到了类似的风险降低。与母乳喂养≤2 个月相比，在完成 6 个月的完全母乳喂养后，继续母乳喂养>2 个月与高血压和 CVD 风险降低 10-25%相关。与短期母乳喂养相比，额外的部分母乳喂养与额外的完全母乳喂养一样重要，可以降低高血压和 CVD 的风险。总的来说，母乳喂养时间越长，与产后 7 年后母亲高血压和 CVD 风险降低相关，而与孕前 BMI 和腹部肥胖无关。无论是完全母乳喂养还是部分母乳喂养，都有助于改善母亲的心血管健康。
