Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.
Portland State University School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.
J Pediatr. 2018 Oct;201:21-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.05.037. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
To compare respiratory compliance in late preterm infants (34-34 weeks) who received antenatal steroids vs matched late preterm infants who did not receive antenatal steroids.
This was a single-center prospective cohort study. Patients were matched for birth weight, gestational age, race, and sex. Respiratory compliance was the primary outcome measured with the single breath occlusion technique.
We studied 25 late preterm infants treated with antenatal steroids and 25 matched infants who did not receive antenatal steroids. The treated infants had a significantly increased respiratory compliance/kg (adjusted 95% CI 0.05, 0.49; P = .016) and fewer required continuous positive airway pressure (P = .007) or >24 hours of supplemental oxygen (P = .046). There was no difference in surfactant therapy.
Respiratory compliance was significantly increased in this cohort of late preterm infants born at 34-34 weeks who received antenatal steroids compared with matched infants who did not receive antenatal steroids. Although not randomized, these data provide physiologic support for the possible beneficial effects of antenatal steroids in late preterm infants.
比较接受产前类固醇治疗的晚期早产儿（34-34 周）和未接受产前类固醇治疗的晚期早产儿的呼吸顺应性。
这是一项单中心前瞻性队列研究。患者按出生体重、胎龄、种族和性别匹配。呼吸顺应性是通过单次呼吸阻断技术测量的主要结果。
我们研究了 25 名接受产前类固醇治疗的晚期早产儿和 25 名未接受产前类固醇治疗的匹配婴儿。治疗组婴儿的呼吸顺应性/公斤显著增加（调整后的 95%置信区间为 0.05，0.49；P=0.016），需要持续气道正压通气（P=0.007）或补充氧气>24 小时的婴儿比例较低（P=0.046）。两组表面活性物质治疗无差异。
与未接受产前类固醇治疗的匹配婴儿相比，在接受产前类固醇治疗的 34-34 周出生的晚期早产儿中，呼吸顺应性显著增加。尽管不是随机的，但这些数据为产前类固醇对晚期早产儿可能的有益作用提供了生理学支持。
