German Alexander, Johnson Laura, Ybarra Georgina, Warholak Terri
Clinical Pharmacist, Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona,
Staff Pharmacist, Walgreens, Phoenix, Arizona.
Ment Health Clin. 2018 Mar 26;8(1):1-6. doi: 10.9740/mhc.2018.01.001. eCollection 2018 Jan.
The purpose of this study was to compare pharmacists' level of training and/or experience in psychiatric pharmacy to (1) their self-perceived preparedness to provide pharmacotherapy services to individuals with psychiatric disorders and (2) barriers to providing pharmacotherapy services to individuals with psychiatric disorders.
This study used data from an Internet-based questionnaire. Respondents were divided into 2 groups: group A completed the Arizona Pharmacy Association's Psychiatric Certificate Program, and/or was board certified in psychiatric pharmacy, and/or was a member of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists, and/or had completed a psychiatric pharmacy residency; group B had no specialized training and/or experience in psychiatric pharmacy. A Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the scaled responses for each group.
Compared with pharmacists without training and/or experience in psychiatry (N = 235), respondents with specialized training and/or experience in psychiatric pharmacy (N = 38) reported more frequent interactions with patients with psychiatric disorders and provided more counseling and drug information, monitoring for adverse drug reactions, screening for treatment issues, and both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment recommendations ( < .05). Pharmacists trained in psychiatry reported being more prepared to provide all pharmacotherapy services ( < .003), except in addressing nonadherence, utilizing online resources, and providing pharmacotherapy services to patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. They reported fewer barriers to providing pharmacotherapy services ( < .005), except for time to provide services, having a private consultation area, and reimbursement for patient care activities.
This study found that responding pharmacists without psychiatric training/experience may need additional education and training after graduation and that they perceive more barriers in providing services to the population with psychiatric disorders.
本研究的目的是比较药剂师在精神科药学方面的培训水平和/或经验，以（1）他们对为精神疾病患者提供药物治疗服务的自我认知准备程度，以及（2）为精神疾病患者提供药物治疗服务的障碍。
本研究使用了基于互联网问卷的数据。受访者分为两组：A组完成了亚利桑那州药学协会的精神科证书课程，和/或获得了精神科药学委员会认证，和/或为精神科与神经科药剂师学会成员，和/或完成了精神科药学住院医师培训；B组在精神科药学方面没有专门的培训和/或经验。采用曼-惠特尼检验比较两组的量表反应。
与没有精神科培训和/或经验的药剂师（N = 235）相比，有精神科药学专门培训和/或经验的受访者（N = 38）报告与精神疾病患者的互动更频繁，提供了更多的咨询和药物信息、药物不良反应监测、治疗问题筛查以及药物和非药物治疗建议（P <.05）。接受过精神科培训的药剂师报告说，除了处理不依从性、利用在线资源以及为注意力缺陷多动障碍患者提供药物治疗服务外，他们更有准备提供所有药物治疗服务（P <.003）。他们报告说提供药物治疗服务的障碍较少（P <.005），除了提供服务的时间、拥有私人咨询区域以及患者护理活动的报销。
本研究发现，没有精神科培训/经验的受访药剂师毕业后可能需要额外的教育和培训，并且他们认为为精神疾病患者提供服务存在更多障碍。
