Murphy Andrea Lynn, Gardner David Martin
College of Pharmacy, Dalhousie University, 5968 College Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, 5909 Veterans' Memorial Lane, Halifax, NS B3H 2E2, Canada.
AIMS Public Health. 2019 Jun 27;6(2):195-208. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2019.2.195. eCollection 2019.
Community pharmacists are accessible, knowledgeable, and capable of providing mental health promotion and care in communities. This may not be a role that is recognized by the public, and men in particular. Differences between men and women exist in help seeking practices. Headstrong-Taking Things Head-On is a men's mental health promotion program for community pharmacies that was designed to increase the capacity of community pharmacists in caring for men with lived experience of mental illness and addictions. The program's core components included signage in pharmacies, education and training for pharmacists, and a website for use with patients.
We applied the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability as the coding scheme to pharmacists' qualitative interviews to examine the acceptability of Headstrong for pharmacists.
Nine pharmacists consented to participate and all chose telephone interviews. With the exceptions of ethicality, affective attitude, and opportunity costs, all components from the TFA were coded in each of the nine transcripts. The most frequently coded constructs were perceived effectiveness of the intervention, burden, and self-efficacy. These were coded at least 20 times. The remaining categories ethicality, intervention coherence, affective attitude, and opportunity costs were coded between 11 to 17 times. Pharmacists' perceptions of the effectiveness of the program was mixed. The overall burden was perceived to be low, but opportunity costs appear to have limited the participation of some pharmacists in the program.
Use of the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability as a coding scheme for qualitative data from community pharmacists in a men's mental health program was helpful for identifying issues with the program that may require redesign (e.g., signage). Program design should consider how services are advertised in the pharmacy setting, how personal values of pharmacists influence intervention coherence, and whether minimizing the burden of an intervention negates issues related to opportunity costs.
社区药剂师触手可及、知识渊博，有能力在社区提供心理健康促进和护理服务。这可能不是一个为公众，尤其是男性所认可的角色。在寻求帮助的行为方面，男性和女性存在差异。“勇往直前——直面问题”是一项针对社区药房的男性心理健康促进项目，旨在提高社区药剂师护理有精神疾病和成瘾经历男性的能力。该项目的核心组成部分包括药房内的标识、对药剂师的教育和培训，以及一个供患者使用的网站。
我们将可接受性理论框架作为编码方案应用于药剂师的定性访谈，以检验“勇往直前”项目对药剂师的可接受性。
九名药剂师同意参与，均选择电话访谈。除了道德性、情感态度和机会成本外，可接受性理论框架的所有组成部分都在这九份访谈记录中进行了编码。编码最频繁的构念是干预措施的感知有效性、负担和自我效能感。这些构念至少被编码了20次。其余类别，即道德性、干预连贯性、情感态度和机会成本，被编码了11至17次。药剂师对该项目有效性的看法不一。总体负担被认为较低，但机会成本似乎限制了一些药剂师参与该项目。
将可接受性理论框架用作男性心理健康项目中社区药剂师定性数据的编码方案，有助于识别该项目可能需要重新设计的问题（如标识）。项目设计应考虑如何在药房环境中宣传服务、药剂师的个人价值观如何影响干预连贯性，以及最小化干预负担是否会消除与机会成本相关的问题。
