Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain.
Department of Engineering, University of Almeria, ceiA3, 04120, Almeria, Spain.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018 Oct;37(10):1829-1839. doi: 10.1007/s10096-018-3313-8. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Malaria is a major concern for international health authorities. Millions of people contract it every year in the world due to a parasite of the Plasmodium genus. Due to the complexity of the parasite biology and genetics, there is currently no vaccine against the disease. However, due to the great resistance both to the medicines and to the insecticides used to combat the disease, it has become essential to obtain a vaccine as the necessary tool to prevent transmission and eliminate the disease. The bibliometric data indicate that interest in vaccines has been growing steadily since the 1980s. But nowadays, a powerful tool is used: the Plasmodium genome. This allows us to improve the fight against the disease. Knowing the sequences of the genes that favor the appearance of drug resistance, or those that encode for proteins with greater antigenic response, is a tool that can become fundamental. This article reviews the state of the art on vaccines and genetics, in the fight against malaria, and analyzes the fixed photo that the worldwide research on the disease poses.
疟疾是国际卫生当局关注的主要问题。由于疟原虫属寄生虫，全世界每年有数百万人生病。由于寄生虫生物学和遗传学的复杂性，目前尚无针对该病的疫苗。然而，由于对药物和用于治疗该病的杀虫剂的耐药性都很强，因此获得疫苗作为预防传播和消除疾病的必要工具变得至关重要。文献计量学数据表明，自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，人们对疫苗的兴趣一直在稳步增长。但是，如今，一个强大的工具被使用：疟原虫基因组。这使我们能够改善对抗疾病的措施。了解有利于出现耐药性的基因序列，或那些编码具有更大抗原反应的蛋白质的基因序列，是一个可以成为基础的工具。本文综述了在抗击疟疾方面的疫苗和遗传学的最新进展，并分析了全世界对该病的研究现状。
