Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss.
Division of Orthodontics, Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, NYU-Langome Hospital, Brooklyn, NY.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018 Jul;154(1):15-25. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.01.005.
Ionizing radiation is a known carcinogen. Its damaging effects can be deterministic or stochastic. Deterministic effects occur only after radiation exposure thresholds are reached, but stochastic effects are random, and there is no known threshold below which harmful effects will not occur. Therefore, the use of ionizing radiation in orthodontic treatment should bring a benefit to the patient that outweighs the risks. No legally binding statutes, rules, or regulations provide explicit radiographic prescription protocols for orthodontic practice. The objective of this article was to discuss guidelines and risk management strategies for appropriate and defensible use of ionizing radiation in orthodontics. Guidelines are discussed for radiographic acquisition at different points along the orthodontic treatment timeline. In addition, risk management strategies and best practices are presented regarding adequate and defensible radiographic interpretation. These guidelines are not rigid and do not establish standards of care; they should be modified as necessary for each patient and each clinical encounter.
电离辐射是一种已知的致癌物质。它的破坏作用可能是确定性的，也可能是随机性的。确定性效应仅在达到辐射暴露阈值后才会发生，而随机性效应是随机的，并且没有已知的阈值可以保证在其以下不会发生有害影响。因此，在正畸治疗中使用电离辐射应该使患者受益大于风险。没有具有法律约束力的法规、规则或条例为正畸实践提供明确的放射照相处方协议。本文的目的是讨论在正畸中使用电离辐射的适当和合理的指南和风险管理策略。讨论了在正畸治疗时间线上的不同点获取放射照片的指南。此外，还介绍了关于充分和合理的放射解释的风险管理策略和最佳实践。这些指南不是一成不变的，也不确立护理标准；它们应根据每个患者和每个临床情况的需要进行修改。
