Reeve A E, Eccles M R, Wilkins R J, Bell G I, Millow L J
Nature. 1985;317(6034):258-60. doi: 10.1038/317258a0.
Wilms' tumour probably arises from embryonal kidney cells and occurs in both hereditary and sporadic forms. Knudson and Strong have suggested that both forms of the disease are initiated by two mutational events. In the case of the inherited form, cytogenetic evidence indicates that a germline deletion of chromosome band 11p13 may correspond to one of the two mutations. DNA mapping evidence is consistent with the notion that the tumour susceptibility gene (Wg) on chromosome 11 is actually recessive. Comings has proposed that the dominantly inherited tumours may arise by the inactivation or loss of a diploid pair of regulatory genes which normally suppress the expression of a structural transforming gene (Tg). It has recently been suggested that the N-myc oncogene may serve as a transforming gene in retinoblastoma, although no such gene has yet been identified in Wilms' tumour. We now report that in four cases of Wilms' tumour, insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) transcripts are highly elevated compared with the adjacent normal kidney. In addition, we have mapped the gene for IGF-II to chromosome band 11p14.1, which is in the immediate vicinity of Wg. These findings suggest that IGF-II may be involved in the aetiology of Wilms' tumour.
肾母细胞瘤可能起源于胚胎肾细胞，有遗传性和散发性两种类型。克努森和斯特朗认为，这两种类型的疾病都是由两个突变事件引发的。对于遗传性类型，细胞遗传学证据表明，11号染色体11p13带的种系缺失可能对应于两个突变之一。DNA图谱证据与11号染色体上的肿瘤易感基因（Wg）实际上是隐性的这一观点一致。科明斯提出，显性遗传肿瘤可能是由一对通常抑制结构转化基因（Tg）表达的二倍体调节基因失活或缺失引起的。最近有人提出，N - myc癌基因可能在视网膜母细胞瘤中起转化基因的作用，尽管在肾母细胞瘤中尚未鉴定出这样的基因。我们现在报告，在4例肾母细胞瘤中，胰岛素样生长因子-II（IGF-II）转录本与相邻的正常肾相比高度升高。此外，我们已将IGF-II基因定位到11号染色体11p14.1带，该带紧邻Wg。这些发现表明，IGF-II可能参与肾母细胞瘤的病因学。
