Mastino Patrizia Monica, Marchetti Mauro, Costa Jean, Usai Marianna
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie per l'Agricoltura, le Foreste, la Natura e l'Energia (DAFNE), Università della Tuscia, via S. Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
C.N.R. - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, traversa La Crucca 3, I-07040, Sassari, Italy.
Chem Biodivers. 2018 Sep;15(9):e1800151. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201800151. Epub 2018 Aug 9.
Cistus genus is widespread in the Mediterranean regions with several species and is traditionally known as a natural remedy, but few previous phytochemical researches have been reported on Cistus species growing in Sardinia. The aim of this work was to study the interpopulation variability of the volatiles of C. creticus subsp. eriocephalus to find out the natural chemotypes of this taxon for chemotaxonomic purposes. Plant material was collected from seven wild populations in Sardinia. The oils from aerial part were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS enabling to identify 185 compounds. The seven samples showed appreciable variations in their chemical composition. MA was found almost exclusively linear hydrocarbons (85%) and MN presented fatty acids (36.97%) as major fraction. CP and MN had high quantity of non-terpenic carbonylic compounds (63% and 69%, respectively) and in CP was found also sclareol, a well-known antimicrobial compound. PCA analysis showed the existence of a high interpopulation variability within the essential oils of C. creticus subsp. eriocephalus growing in Sardinia. For example, MN and CP are very close to each other as CG is close to PM. BN is isolated from the others Cistus populations due to lacking essential oil. These data suggest that the basis of variation in the volatile composition of seven C. creticus subsp. eriocephalus populations depends on hybridization and that the sample without essential oil is the only one no-hybridized.
岩蔷薇属在地中海地区广泛分布，有多个物种，传统上被视为一种天然药物，但此前针对撒丁岛生长的岩蔷薇属植物的植物化学研究报道较少。这项工作的目的是研究克里特岩蔷薇亚种毛头岩蔷薇挥发物的种群间变异性，以便从化学分类学角度找出该分类群的天然化学型。植物材料采自撒丁岛的七个野生种群。通过水蒸馏法从地上部分获得精油，并采用气相色谱/质谱联用仪进行分析，共鉴定出185种化合物。这七个样品的化学成分存在明显差异。MA几乎完全以直链烃（85%）为主，MN则以脂肪酸（36.97%）为主要成分。CP和MN含有大量非萜类羰基化合物（分别为63%和69%），并且在CP中还发现了众所周知的抗菌化合物——鼠尾草酚。主成分分析表明，撒丁岛生长的克里特岩蔷薇亚种毛头岩蔷薇精油存在较高的种群间变异性。例如，MN和CP彼此非常接近，而CG与PM接近。BN由于缺乏精油而与其他岩蔷薇种群分离。这些数据表明，七个克里特岩蔷薇亚种毛头岩蔷薇种群挥发物组成变化的基础取决于杂交，且没有精油的样品是唯一未杂交的。
