Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, China.
Biotechnol Bioeng. 2018 Nov;115(11):2683-2702. doi: 10.1002/bit.26788. Epub 2018 Sep 15.
Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the potential feedstocks to produce second-generation cellulosic ethanol and biochemicals. To enhance the enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient enzymatic saccharification, a variety of pretreatment methods have been studied. Among these, organosolv pretreatment using ethanol is a promising pretreatment method owing to its inherent advantages, such as low solvent cost, lack of toxicity, the ability to retain most cellulose fraction in substrates for enzymatic hydrolysis, coproduction of high-purity lignin and hemicellulosic sugars, easy solvent recovery, and reuse. In this review, the research progress regarding different types of ethanol organosolv pretreatment processes has been summarized in terms of methods, substrate properties, reaction mechanisms, delignification kinetic as well as the impact of pretreatment methods on the enzymatic digestibility. Attempts are also made to provide insights into the complete utilization of lignocellulosic biomass to achieve high potential revenues. Though some ethanol organosolv processes have been studied or are being developed towards commercialization, ethanol organosolv pretreatment is still facing some challenges. Finally, the direction for future work is given to develop a proper ethanol organosolv pretreatment for commercialization.
木质纤维素生物质是生产第二代纤维素乙醇和生物化学物质的潜在原料之一。为了提高木质纤维素生物质的酶解可消化性，以实现高效酶解糖化，已经研究了各种预处理方法。在这些方法中，使用乙醇的有机溶剂预处理由于其固有优势而成为一种很有前途的预处理方法，这些优势包括：溶剂成本低、毒性低、能够保留底物中大部分纤维素部分用于酶水解、共生产高纯度木质素和半纤维素糖、易于溶剂回收和再利用。在本文综述中，从方法、底物性质、反应机理、脱木质素动力学以及预处理方法对酶解可消化性的影响等方面，总结了不同类型的乙醇有机溶剂预处理工艺的研究进展。同时还尝试深入了解木质纤维素生物质的完全利用，以实现高潜在收益。尽管一些乙醇有机溶剂处理工艺已经得到研究或正在向商业化方向发展，但乙醇有机溶剂预处理仍面临一些挑战。最后，为了开发出适合商业化的乙醇有机溶剂预处理方法，给出了未来工作的方向。
