Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, 77843-2258, USA.
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, 77843-2258, USA.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2018 Sep;80:592-599. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.06.043. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Under appropriate conditions, glutamine (Gln) is an essential nutrient for immunological responses, acting as a metabolic substrate for proliferation of enterocytes and lymphocytes, and having positive effects on the function of stimulated immune cells. Thus, specific components of both innate and adaptive immune systems of Nile tilapia were evaluated after supplementing Gln to cell culture media. Primary cell cultures of kidney leukocytes were used for respiratory burst and phagocytic activity assessment. The ability of macrophages to kill Streptococcus iniae also was evaluated. Additionally, a proliferation assay was conducted with peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) exposed to non-specific mitogens. Results showed that macrophage phagocytosis, anion superoxide production, and bactericidal capacity were significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced by Gln supplementation to the culture media. The proliferation of lymphocytes upon mitogenic exposure also was significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced by Gln supplementation to the media. Our results suggest that in vitro, different levels of Gln were necessary for optimal immunological responses of leukocytes and lymphocytes. As such, Gln supplementation was able to enhance and modulate both innate and adaptive responses of Nile tilapia leukocytes, highlighting its potential application as an immunonutrient.
在适当的条件下，谷氨酰胺（Gln）是免疫反应的必需营养素，可作为肠细胞和淋巴细胞增殖的代谢底物，并对受刺激免疫细胞的功能产生积极影响。因此，在向细胞培养基中补充 Gln 后，评估了尼罗罗非鱼固有和适应性免疫系统的特定成分。使用肾脏白细胞原代细胞培养物评估呼吸爆发和吞噬活性。还评估了巨噬细胞杀死杀鲑气单胞菌的能力。此外，还对暴露于非特异性有丝分裂原的外周血淋巴细胞（PBL）进行了增殖测定。结果表明，用 Gln 补充培养基可显著（P<0.05）增强巨噬细胞的吞噬作用、阴离子超氧化物的产生和杀菌能力。有丝分裂原暴露后淋巴细胞的增殖也显著（P<0.05）增强。我们的结果表明，在体外，白细胞和淋巴细胞的最佳免疫反应需要不同水平的 Gln。因此，Gln 补充能够增强和调节尼罗罗非鱼白细胞的固有和适应性反应，突出了其作为免疫营养素的潜在应用。
