Oweis Reem Reda, Levy Steven M, Eichenberger-Gilmore Julie M, Warren John J, Burns Trudy L, Janz Kathleen F, Torner James C, Saha Punam K, Letuchy Elena
Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018 Dec;46(6):527-534. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12373. Epub 2018 Jul 1.
To investigate the associations between period-specific and cumulative fluoride (F) intakes from birth to age 17 years, and radial and tibial bone measures obtained using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT).
Participants (n = 380) were recruited from hospitals at birth and continued their participation in the ongoing Iowa Fluoride Study/Iowa Bone Development Study until age 17. Fluoride intakes from water, other beverages, selected foods, dietary fluoride supplements and dentifrice were determined every 1.5-6 months using detailed questionnaires. Associations between F intake and bone measures (cortical and trabecular bone mineral content [BMC], density and strength) were determined in bivariate and multivariable analyses adjusted for height, weight, maturity offset, physical activity, and daily calcium and protein intake using robust regression analysis.
Fluoride intake ranged from 0.7 to 0.8 mg F/d for females and from 0.7 to 0.9 mg F/d for males. Spearman correlations between daily F intake and pQCT bone measures were weak. For females, Spearman correlations ranged from r = -.08 to .21, and for males, they ranged from r = -.03 to .30. In sex-specific, height-, weight- and maturity offset- partially adjusted regression analyses, associations between females' fluoride intake and bone characteristics were almost all negative; associations for males were mostly positive. In the fully adjusted models, which also included physical activity, and protein and calcium intakes, no significant associations were detected for females; significant positive associations were detected between F intake from 14 to 17 years and tibial cortical bone content (β = 21.40, P < .01) and torsion strength (β = 175.06, P < .01) for males.
In this cohort of 17-year-old adolescents, mostly living in optimally fluoridated areas, lifelong F intake from combined sources was weakly associated with bone pQCT measures.
研究从出生到17岁期间特定时期和累积氟摄入量与使用外周定量计算机断层扫描（pQCT）获得的桡骨和胫骨骨测量值之间的关联。
参与者（n = 380）在出生时从医院招募，并继续参与正在进行的爱荷华氟研究/爱荷华骨发育研究，直至17岁。使用详细问卷每1.5 - 6个月确定一次来自水、其他饮料、选定食物、膳食氟补充剂和牙膏的氟摄入量。在双变量和多变量分析中，使用稳健回归分析，在对身高、体重、成熟度偏移、身体活动以及每日钙和蛋白质摄入量进行调整后，确定氟摄入量与骨测量值（皮质和小梁骨矿物质含量[BMC]、密度和强度）之间的关联。
女性的氟摄入量范围为0.7至0.8毫克氟/天，男性为0.7至0.9毫克氟/天。每日氟摄入量与pQCT骨测量值之间的Spearman相关性较弱。女性的Spearman相关性范围为r = -0.08至0.21，男性为r = -0.03至0.30。在按性别、身高、体重和成熟度偏移进行部分调整的回归分析中，女性氟摄入量与骨特征之间的关联几乎全部为负；男性的关联大多为正。在完全调整模型中，该模型还包括身体活动以及蛋白质和钙摄入量，未检测到女性有显著关联；在14至17岁男性中，氟摄入量与胫骨皮质骨含量（β = 21.40，P < 0.01）和抗扭强度（β = 175.06，P < 0.01）之间检测到显著正相关。
在这个主要生活在氟化物最佳添加地区的17岁青少年队列中，多种来源的终身氟摄入量与骨pQCT测量值之间的关联较弱。
