Tian Chun-Hui, Yang Ruo-Zhu, Gulizhaer Yilihamu, Qian Xin, Wang Jin-Hua, Li Hui-Ming
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Jul 8;39(7):3118-3125. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201709120.
In order to evaluate the pollution levels of and risk from heavy metals in the atmospheric deposition of different functional urban districts, dust samples were collected from 20 sampling sites in typical industrial, traffic, residential, and educational districts of Nanjing. The concentrations of As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn were analyzed. The potential ecological risk and health risk were evaluated using the potential ecological risk index and U.S. EPA's health risk assessment models. Enrichment factors, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis were used to analyze the sources of heavy metals. Results showed that the concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were the highest in the industrial district and the concentrations of Ba, Ni, Ti, and V were the highest in the traffic district. The value of the potential ecological risk index was the highest in the industrial district and lowest in the educational district. Meanwhile, the ecological risk of Cr was the highest, achieving a moderate ecological hazard level. None of the studied heavy metals had noncarcinogenic risk or carcinogenic risk, according to the results of health risk assessment. Source analysis indicated that heavy metals in the atmospheric deposition from the study areas were mainly from traffic and industrial activities, coal combustion, natural process and life sources.
为评估南京市不同功能城区大气沉降中重金属的污染水平及风险，在南京典型的工业、交通、居住和教育区的20个采样点采集了灰尘样本。分析了砷（As）、钡（Ba）、镉（Cd）、钴（Co）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）、锶（Sr）、钛（Ti）、钒（V）和锌（Zn）的浓度。采用潜在生态风险指数和美国环境保护局（U.S. EPA）的健康风险评估模型评估潜在生态风险和健康风险。利用富集因子、相关性分析和主成分分析来分析重金属的来源。结果表明，工业区中砷、镉、钴、铬、铜、铁、锰、铅和锌的浓度最高，交通区中钡、镍、钛和钒的浓度最高。潜在生态风险指数值在工业区最高，在教育区最低。同时，铬的生态风险最高，达到中等生态危害水平。根据健康风险评估结果，所研究的重金属均无非致癌风险或致癌风险。源分析表明，研究区域大气沉降中的重金属主要来自交通和工业活动、煤炭燃烧、自然过程和生活源。
