尼日利亚西南部一家儿科镰状细胞诊所的处方审核：一项横断面回顾性研究。

Prescription audit in a paediatric sickle cell clinic in South-West Nigeria: A cross-sectional retrospective study.

作者信息

Olusesan Fadare Joseph, Simeon Olatunya Oladele, Olatunde Ogundare Ezra, Oludare Oluwayemi Isaac, Tolulope Agaja Oyinkansola

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

Department of Paediatrics, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

出版信息

Malawi Med J. 2017 Dec;29(4):285-289. doi: 10.4314/mmj.v29i4.1.

DOI:10.4314/mmj.v29i4.1

PMID:29963281

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6019547/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic haematological disorder that affects millions of people around the world especially people of African heritage. The treatment of the symptoms of SCD includes the use of analgesics, antibiotics, and anti-malarial drugs. Studying the pattern of drug prescription is a veritable tool for establishing the current practice and how it conforms to existing guidelines.

OBJECTIVES

The main objective of this study was to assess the pattern of drug prescription in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) attending the paediatric outpatients' clinic of a tertiary care centre in Ado-Ekiti, South-West Nigeria.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional retrospective study carried out using the medical records of all patients with SCD who attended the paediatric outpatient clinic of the teaching hospital between January 1 and December 31, 2014. The information retrieved from the case notes included the bio-demographic data, associated co-morbid conditions and the list of prescribed drugs.

RESULTS

A total of 202 SCD patients aged below 18 years were seen in the clinic during the study period with males accounting for 61.9% of them. The mean age of all patients was 6.9 ±3.8 yrs. A total of 1015 medications were prescribed during the study period giving a mean of 5.02 ± 1.9. Vitamins/micronutrients, anti-malarial drugs, antibiotics and analgesics accounted for 41.4%, 29.0%, 15.7% and 13.9% of all prescribed drugs respectively. Antibiotics from the penicillin group were the most commonly prescribed followed by macrolides and cephalosporins while Ibuprofen (60.3%) and Acetaminophen (32.6%) were the commonly prescribed analgesics.

CONCLUSION

High rate of antibiotic prescription, low use of opioid analgesics and non-prescription of prophylactic penicillin/pneumococcal vaccination were the main findings in this study. There is need for the introduction of standard treatment protocols for this group of patients.

摘要

背景

镰状细胞病（SCD）是一种遗传性血液疾病，影响着全球数百万人，尤其是非洲裔人群。SCD症状的治疗包括使用镇痛药、抗生素和抗疟疾药物。研究药物处方模式是确定当前治疗实践及其符合现有指南情况的一项切实可行的工具。

目的

本研究的主要目的是评估在尼日利亚西南部阿多-埃基蒂一家三级护理中心儿科门诊就诊的镰状细胞病（SCD）患儿的药物处方模式。

方法

这是一项横断面回顾性研究，使用了2014年1月1日至12月31日期间在该教学医院儿科门诊就诊的所有SCD患者的病历。从病例记录中检索到的信息包括生物人口统计学数据、相关合并症以及处方药清单。

结果

在研究期间，该诊所共诊治了202名18岁以下的SCD患者，其中男性占61.9%。所有患者的平均年龄为6.9±3.8岁。研究期间共开出1015种药物，平均每人5.02±1.9种。维生素/微量营养素、抗疟疾药物、抗生素和镇痛药分别占所有处方药的41.4%、29.0%、15.7%和13.9%。青霉素类抗生素是最常开具的，其次是大环内酯类和头孢菌素类，而布洛芬（60.3%）和对乙酰氨基酚（32.6%）是常用的镇痛药。