KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Den Haag, The Netherlands.
J Adv Nurs. 2018 Dec;74(12):2755-2765. doi: 10.1111/jan.13784. Epub 2018 Aug 2.
To provide an overview of the policies and practices of patient support during treatment for active tuberculosis and for latent tuberculosis infection in European countries with a low incidence of tuberculosis and to identify potential best practices.
Policies, practices and its' evaluations from similar settings may aid in the development of evidence-based patient support guidelines.
Descriptive study.
In June 2016, a survey was conducted among the 24 European low tuberculosis incidence countries (<20 patients per 100,000 population).
Nineteen of the 24 countries approached responded. Most countries (18/19) gave some form of tuberculosis patient support including various treatment supervision options and treatment adherence interventions such as health education, psycho-emotional and socio-economic support. Patient support for persons on treatment for latent tuberculosis infection was less widely (9/19) implemented. Patient support guidelines were available in 13 countries, but none of the interventions included had been quantitatively evaluated for their effects on treatment adherence. Potential best practices included appointing a tuberculosis coordinator in charge of organizing patient support; putting a treatment plan meeting with patients, providers and stakeholders in place; supplying direct enablers for marginalized patients; organizing cultural-sensitive community support; and dispensing pill cases. A lack of resources impeded the provision of patient support, especially for home-based treatment supervision.
We summarized policies and practices of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection patient support in low tuberculosis incidence European countries. Given the lack of quantitative evaluations, more research is needed to verify the effectiveness of identified potential best practices.
概述欧洲低结核病发病率国家在治疗活动性结核病和潜伏性结核病感染期间的患者支持政策和实践，并确定潜在的最佳实践。
来自类似环境的政策、实践及其评估可能有助于制定基于证据的患者支持指南。
描述性研究。
2016 年 6 月，对 24 个欧洲低结核病发病率国家（每 10 万人中<20 例患者）进行了调查。
在被调查的 24 个国家中，有 19 个国家做出了回应。大多数国家（18/19）为结核病患者提供了某种形式的支持，包括各种治疗监督选择和治疗依从性干预，如健康教育、心理情感和社会经济支持。对潜伏性结核病感染患者的支持则较少（9/19）实施。13 个国家有患者支持指南，但没有一个干预措施对治疗依从性的影响进行过定量评估。潜在的最佳实践包括任命一名结核病协调员负责组织患者支持；为患者、医务人员和利益相关者安排治疗计划会议；为边缘化患者提供直接的辅助手段；组织文化敏感性社区支持；并发放药丸盒。资源匮乏阻碍了患者支持的提供，尤其是对家庭为基础的治疗监督。
我们总结了欧洲低结核病发病率国家在结核病和潜伏性结核病感染患者支持方面的政策和实践。鉴于缺乏定量评估，需要开展更多研究来验证确定的潜在最佳实践的有效性。
