Xing Hui, Duan Shu-Lin, Huang Lian-Zhong, Han Zhi-Tao, Liu Qin-An
College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Oct 8;37(10):3750-3757. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.10.011.
Water-borne transportation plays an important role in the economic and social development and contributes greatly to air pollution in China as well. An effective regulating policy is dependent on accurate estimation in terms of sorts, quantification and location of emissions. However, there is insufficient real and reliable data source for China's marine diesel engines and vessels. In order to employ fuel-based approach and ship activity-based approach to estimate accurately the exhaust emissions from water-borne transportation sector in China, emission factors of different types of marine diesel engines were investigated. Based on statistical analysis on Parent Engine emission test reports of 76 and 113 marine diesel engines manufactured by China's engine makers in accordance with IMO NO TierⅠ and TierⅡ standards respectively as defined in MARPOL(International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Annex VI, abnormal data were statistically identified and eliminated by Grubbs' criterion method, fuel-based emission factors and energy-based emission factors of NO, CO, HC and CO for 2-Stroke main engines, 4-Stroke main engines and 4-Stroke auxiliary engines were determined respectively. The results showed that fuel-based emission factors of NO, CO, HC and CO for different types of marine diesel engines were 30.67-76.55, 3.01-6.13, 1.25-2.24 and 3141.15-3165.63 kg·t respectively. Energy-based emission factors of NO, CO, HC and CO for different types of marine diesel engines were 6.83-13.64, 0.61-1.35, 0.21-0.50 and 534.04-745.18 g·(kW·h) respectively. In addition, the relationships of energy-based emission factors against engine load were expressed by power function or quadratic polynomial and the algorithm coefficients were determined. In addition, it is difficult to obtain the true emission levels of marine diesel engines in China through simple modification of emission factors reported by foreign institutes. In particular,considering the diversity of diesel engines onboard China's coastal and inland vessels, more samples and tests in terms of types and operational conditions are necessary to provide basic data for marine emission inventories in China. The results could provide applicable data for estimation of marine emissions in China.
水上运输在中国经济和社会发展中发挥着重要作用，同时也对空气污染有很大影响。一项有效的监管政策依赖于对排放物的种类、量化和位置进行准确估算。然而，中国的船用柴油发动机和船舶缺乏真实可靠的数据来源。为了采用基于燃料和基于船舶活动的方法准确估算中国水上运输部门的废气排放，对不同类型船用柴油发动机的排放因子进行了研究。基于对中国发动机制造商分别按照《国际防止船舶污染公约》（MARPOL）附则VI中定义的IMO NO TierⅠ和TierⅡ标准制造的76台和113台船用柴油发动机的母机排放测试报告进行统计分析，通过格拉布斯准则法统计识别并剔除异常数据，分别确定了二冲程主机、四冲程主机和四冲程辅机的NO、CO、HC和CO的基于燃料的排放因子以及基于能量的排放因子。结果表明，不同类型船用柴油发动机的NO、CO、HC和CO的基于燃料的排放因子分别为30.67 - 76.55、3.01 - 6.13、1.25 - 2.24和3141.15 - 3165.63 kg·t。不同类型船用柴油发动机的NO、CO、HC和CO的基于能量的排放因子分别为6.83 - 13.64、0.61 - 1.35、0.21 - 0.50和534.04 - 745.18 g·(kW·h)。此外，基于能量的排放因子与发动机负荷的关系用幂函数或二次多项式表示，并确定了算法系数。此外，通过简单修改国外机构报告的排放因子，难以获得中国船用柴油发动机的真实排放水平。特别是，考虑到中国沿海和内河船舶上柴油发动机的多样性，需要在类型和运行条件方面进行更多的样本和测试，以为中国的船舶排放清单提供基础数据。研究结果可为中国船舶排放估算提供适用数据。
