Ning Zeng-Ping, Xiao Qing-Xiang, Lan Xiao-Long, Liu Yi-Zhang, Xiao Tang-Fu, Zhao Yan-Long, Wu Shi-Liang
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 Jul 8;38(7):2784-2792. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201611091.
In order to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of Sb and selected heavy metals, and to discriminate their sources and potential ecological risks in surface sediments of the Duliujiang river,a total of 62 surface sediment samples were collected in this study. Total contents of Sb, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Tl, Zn and Fe in these samples were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) and the inductive plasma optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES). Principal component analysis(PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis were used to deduce the potential sources of these elements. Geo-accumulation index(I), enrichment factor(EF) and Hakanson's potential ecological risk index( and RI) were calculated to evaluate the pollution degree of heavy metals in sediments. The results indicated that the contents of heavy metals in sediments were impacted by human activities to different extents, and the Duliujiang River was significantly contaminated by Sb. The contents of Sb in sediments reached up to 7080 mg·kg, and gradually decreased from upstream to downstream, while the contents of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Tl and Zn varied indistinctively. The PCA results showed that the cumulative proportion of the first two components accounted for 77.67% of the total variables, suggesting that two major sources of Sb and other heavy metals were mining/smelting industry and natural sources. The calculated I and EFs also showed that the surface sediments of the Duliujiang River were majorly polluted by Sb, followed by As and Co, lightly contaminated with Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb and Tl, and uncontaminated with Cr. The ecological hazards() for each metals in a descending order were Sb > Cd > As > Co > Ni > Pb > Cu > Zn > Cr. The comprehensive index of potential ecological risks(RI) for heavy metals indicated that 58.1% of the 62 sediments samples had more than moderate ecological risks, and the sites with high RIs were generally located around Sb mining area and the downstream of the Baluo River. In addition, the of Sb was a predominant component of RI, indicating that the Duliujiang River is an area with extremely high potential ecological risk of Sb.
为了研究都柳江表层沉积物中锑及其他选定重金属的空间分布特征，判别其来源及潜在生态风险，本研究共采集了62个表层沉积物样品。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）测定了这些样品中锑、砷、镉、钴、铬、铜、钼、镍、铅、铊、锌和铁的总量。运用主成分分析（PCA）和Pearson相关分析推断这些元素的潜在来源。计算了地累积指数（I）、富集因子（EF）和 Hakanson潜在生态风险指数（ 和RI），以评估沉积物中重金属的污染程度。结果表明，沉积物中重金属含量受到人类活动不同程度的影响，都柳江受到锑的显著污染。沉积物中锑含量高达7080 mg·kg ，并从上游向下游逐渐降低，而砷、镉、钴、铬、铜、钼、镍、铅、铊和锌的含量变化不明显。PCA结果表明，前两个成分的累积贡献率占总变量的77.67%，表明锑及其他重金属的两个主要来源是采矿/冶炼行业和自然源。计算得到的I和EFs也表明，都柳江表层沉积物主要受锑污染，其次是砷和钴，钴、铜、钼、镍、铅和铊轻度污染，铬未受污染。各金属的生态危害（ ）由高到低依次为：锑>镉>砷>钴>镍>铅>铜>锌>铬。重金属潜在生态风险综合指数（RI）表明，62个沉积物样品中有58.1%具有中度以上生态风险，高RI值的位点一般位于锑矿区周围和巴洛河下游。此外，锑的 是RI的主要组成部分，表明都柳江是锑潜在生态风险极高的区域。
