Li Shu, Gao Wei, Wang Shu-Xiao, Zhang Lei, Li Zhi-Jian, Wang Long, Hao Ji-Ming
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Sep 8;37(9):3290-3299. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.09.006.
Continuous monitoring of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) and particulate mercury (PBM) was conducted in the Dongtan wetland park in Chongming Island, Shanghai from March 2014 to February 2015. The average concentrations of GEM, RGM, and PBM were (2.75±1.13) ng·m, (13.39±15.95) pg·m, and (21.89±40.42) pg·m, respectively, higher than the background concentrations of Northern Hemisphere. The atmospheric mercury showed obvious seasonal variations, with the highest seasonal average GEM concentration in summer (3.65 ng·m), which was mainly influenced by natural sources, while lower GEM concentrations appeared in autumn and winter influenced mainly by anthropogenic sources. The concentration of RGM was highest in spring and lowest in winter, mainly influenced by the wind direction, while PBM showed higher concentrations in autumn and winter, when heavy fine particulate pollution episodes occurred frequently. The concentrations of GEM and PBM were generally elevated in nighttime and lower in daytime caused by the mixing condition of the air masses. Most of the high RGM concentration values occurred in the afternoon of all seasons due to the higher atmospheric oxidation. The concentrations of GEM and PBM were higher in the west wind due to the emission from anthropogenic sources in Shanghai, Jiangsu, etc. The RGM concentration in southeast wind was obviously higher than those in other wind directions. The RGM was mainly from the anthropogenic sources, and the smaller wind in the southeast direction was against the dispersion of RGM.
2014年3月至2015年2月，在上海崇明岛东滩湿地公园对气态单质汞（GEM）、活性气态汞（RGM）和颗粒态汞（PBM）进行了连续监测。GEM、RGM和PBM的平均浓度分别为（2.75±1.13）纳克·立方米、（13.39±15.95）皮克·立方米和（21.89±40.42）皮克·立方米，高于北半球背景浓度。大气汞呈现出明显的季节变化，夏季GEM季节平均浓度最高（3.65纳克·立方米），主要受自然源影响，而秋季和冬季GEM浓度较低，主要受人为源影响。RGM浓度春季最高，冬季最低，主要受风向影响，而PBM在秋季和冬季浓度较高，此时频繁出现重细颗粒物污染事件。由于气团混合条件，GEM和PBM浓度通常夜间升高，白天降低。由于大气氧化作用较强，所有季节中大多数高RGM浓度值出现在下午。由于上海、江苏等地的人为源排放，西风条件下GEM和PBM浓度较高。东南风方向的RGM浓度明显高于其他风向。RGM主要来自人为源，且东南方向风力较小不利于RGM扩散。
