Wang Xin-Xuan, Zhang Hong, Wang Yan-Ping, Luo Ji
College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
College of Physics and Energy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Feb 8;39(2):703-710. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201705100.
To study the perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAAs) contamination in seven major drainage basins of China and the exposure risk to resident populations via drinking water sourced from these basins, a risk assessment model of the US EPA and a scenario-based risk assessment method were applied to analyze the PFAA pollution characteristics and to evaluate the average daily dose and health risk to adults, adolescents, and children. In the intermediate-exposure scenario, results showed that the ∑PFAAs median for the seven major drainage basins was 14 ng·L, with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) the main contaminants, and that the contamination levels were the highest in the Songliao River and Taihu Lake basins. In the high-exposure scenario, the discharge proportion of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids with ≤ 6 carbon chains among the ∑PFAAs was higher than that in the intermediate-exposure scenario. In addition, certain sections tended to be more polluted than others in the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins. Risk assessment showed that PFOA and PFOS exposure via drinking water posed no health risk to Chinese residents, and that the average daily ingestion of drinking water of Chinese adolescents was below the suggested amount.
为研究中国七大流域全氟烷基酸（PFAA）污染状况以及居民通过饮用这些流域水源水的暴露风险，应用美国环保署风险评估模型和基于情景的风险评估方法，分析PFAA污染特征，评估成人、青少年和儿童的日均摄入量及健康风险。在中等暴露情景下，结果显示七大流域∑PFAA中位数为14 ng·L，主要污染物为全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟丁酸（PFBA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS），且松辽河流域和太湖流域污染水平最高。在高暴露情景下，碳链数≤6的全氟烷基羧酸在∑PFAA中的排放占比高于中等暴露情景。此外，黄河流域和长江流域部分区域污染程度高于其他区域。风险评估表明，通过饮用水摄入PFOA和PFOS对中国居民无健康风险，且中国青少年饮用水日均摄入量低于建议值。
