Liu Ya-Na, Zhu Shu-Fa, Wei Xue-Feng, Miao Juan, Zhou Ming, Guan Feng-Jie
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Jun 8;37(6):2322-2328. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.06.041.
The residential areas, science and education areas, urban green lands, commercial districts, urban arterial roads, industrial zones and urban and rural junction districts in seven different functional zones of Luoyang City were taken as research subjects, and sixty-three soil samples were gathered. The concentrations of soil heavy metals were measured and their pollution levels were evaluated by single pollution index and Nemerow complex pollution indices. The ecological risks of soil heavy metals were discussed with Hakanson potential ecological risk index (RI) and their geneses and sources were indicated by the principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that the average level of all heavy metals exceeded the background values of Henan Province. The pollution degree of single gene index was in the following order:Cd> Zn> Pb> Cu> Ni> Cr. Nemerow complex pollution indices indicated heavy metals had the highest concentration and the heaviest pollution in industrial zones. A single heavy metal potential ecological harm () showed Cd had the highest risk index. RI was ranked as industrial zones> urban arterial roads> commercial districts> residential areas> science and education areas> urban green lands> rural junction districts. The heavy metal pollution in industrial zones, urban arterial roads and commercial districts reached strong levels, and the pollution in residential areas, science and education areas, urban green lands reached moderate risk levels, but that in rural junction districts belonged to slight risk level. Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were called anthropogenic factors and came from industrial wastes and transport emissions, but Cr and Ni were explained as natural factors and their contents depended upon the parent materials of soil.
以洛阳市七个不同功能区的居民区、科教区、城市绿地、商业区、城市主干道、工业区以及城乡结合部为研究对象，采集了63个土壤样本。测定了土壤重金属含量，并采用单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数对其污染程度进行评价。运用哈坎森潜在生态风险指数（RI）探讨土壤重金属的生态风险，通过主成分分析（PCA）揭示其成因和来源。结果表明，所有重金属的平均含量均超过河南省背景值。单因子污染指数的污染程度顺序为：Cd＞Zn＞Pb＞Cu＞Ni＞Cr。内梅罗综合污染指数表明工业区重金属含量最高、污染最严重。单一重金属潜在生态危害（）表明Cd的风险指数最高。RI排序为：工业区＞城市主干道＞商业区＞居民区＞科教区＞城市绿地＞城乡结合部。工业区、城市主干道和商业区的重金属污染达到强污染水平，居民区、科教区、城市绿地的污染达到中度风险水平，而城乡结合部的污染属于轻度风险水平。Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd被称为人为因素，来源于工业废弃物和交通排放，但Cr和Ni被解释为自然因素，其含量取决于土壤母质。
