Zhang Hua, Yu Si-Yuan, Shao Li-Ming, He Pin-Jing
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns & Rural Area, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Shanghai 200092, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Jan 8;39(1):467-476. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201705241.
The characteristics of air pollution control (APC) residues are influenced by the furnace type, APC system, and waste composition. In this study, the characteristics of APC residues from nine municipal solid waste incineration plants (the compositions of incinerated solid waste are similar) with different furnace types and APC systems were compared.APC residues contain a great amount of Ca and Cl, and the contents of Al, Si, and Fe in the APC residues from fluidized bed incinerators are higher. The mineral compositions of APC residues are not influenced by the flue gas treatment process, but their contents vary. The contents of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the APC residues from fluidized bed incinerators are lower, while those of Cr, Ba, Cu, and Ni are greatly influenced by the APC systems, with the "grate+dry scrubber" APC residues having the lowest values. The differences in the heavy metal contents in the APC residues from two incinerators before and after the upgrading of the APC systems are not significant. The leaching toxicity of Pb in the APC residues from grate incinerators is higher than that from fluidized bed incinerators, while some elements with low contents in fluidized bed APC residues can be leached more in acetic acid buffer solution. The acid neutralization capacity of the APC residues is related to Ca content. The leaching concentrations of most heavy metals are significantly increased under strong acidity (Cd, Ni, and Zn:leachate pH < 8; Pb, Cu, and Cr:leachate pH < 4). The maximum leaching concentrations of As, Ba, Cu, Ni, and Pb in the APC residues from grate incinerators are mainly controlled by their total content. The leaching concentrations of As, Ba, Cu, Ni, and Pb in the APC residues from fluidized bed incinerators are lower than those from grate incinerators with similar metal contents, which may be due to their different chemical speciation influenced by furnace types and the complexation with Al and Fe compounds.
空气污染控制（APC）残渣的特性受炉型、APC系统和废物成分的影响。在本研究中，比较了九座具有不同炉型和APC系统的城市固体废物焚烧厂（焚烧的固体废物成分相似）的APC残渣特性。APC残渣含有大量的钙和氯，流化床焚烧炉产生的APC残渣中铝、硅和铁的含量较高。APC残渣的矿物组成不受烟气处理工艺的影响，但其含量有所不同。流化床焚烧炉产生的APC残渣中镉、铅和锌的含量较低，而铬、钡、铜和镍的含量受APC系统的影响较大，采用“炉排+干式洗涤器”的APC残渣中这些元素的含量最低。两座焚烧厂在APC系统升级前后的APC残渣中重金属含量差异不显著。炉排焚烧炉产生的APC残渣中铅的浸出毒性高于流化床焚烧炉，而流化床APC残渣中一些含量较低的元素在醋酸缓冲溶液中的浸出量更多。APC残渣的酸中和能力与钙含量有关。在强酸性条件下（镉、镍和锌：浸出液pH<8；铅、铜和铬：浸出液pH<4），大多数重金属的浸出浓度显著增加。炉排焚烧炉产生的APC残渣中砷、钡、铜、镍和铅的最大浸出浓度主要受其总含量控制。流化床焚烧炉产生的APC残渣中砷、钡、铜、镍和铅的浸出浓度低于金属含量相似的炉排焚烧炉，这可能是由于炉型对其化学形态的影响以及与铝和铁化合物的络合作用。
