J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;64(3):735-749. doi: 10.3233/JAD-171128.
People with dementia (PwD) are at a high risk of hospitalization. Hospitals are often not adequately equipped for PwD and discharges often come unexpected. Therefore, PwD are at a risk of adverse outcomes. However, information about those outcomes is rare but crucial for the development of preventive strategies.
To conduct a quantitative systematic review and meta-analyses on the impact of a hospitalization on readmission, institutionalization, and mortality in PwD. To identify factors associated with these outcomes.
PubMed, CENTRAL, and ScienceDirect were searched for studies including terms for dementia, hospital, readmission, institutionalization, and mortality. Relevant were assessed by a quality criteria sheet. Results were summarized in a table. Meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.3.
The search yielded 1,108 studies; 20 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and 10 studies were eligible for meta-analyses. The incidence and relative risk (RR) of mortality (RR 1.74 CI95 % 1.50, 2.05) and institutionalization (RR: 2.16 CI95 % 1.31, 3.56) of PwD was significantly higher when compared to people without dementia. Results according to readmission rate were inconsistent. Factors significantly associated with the examined adverse outcomes were severity of dementia, number of medications, and deficits in daily living activities.
Hospitalization of PwD lead to adverse outcomes. An improvement in the identification of and care for PwD in the acute setting as well as in after care in the community setting, especially in the interface between both settings, is required to prevent adverse outcomes in hospitalized PwD.
痴呆症患者（PwD）住院风险较高。医院通常没有为 PwD 提供充分的设备，出院往往出人意料。因此，PwD 面临不良后果的风险。然而，关于这些结果的信息很少，但对于制定预防策略至关重要。
对住院对 PwD 再入院、住院和死亡的影响进行定量系统评价和荟萃分析。确定与这些结果相关的因素。
在 PubMed、CENTRAL 和 ScienceDirect 上搜索包括痴呆症、医院、再入院、住院和死亡率等术语的研究。通过质量标准表评估相关研究。结果总结在表格中。使用 Review Manager 5.3 进行荟萃分析。
搜索结果产生了 1108 项研究；20 项符合纳入标准，10 项研究符合荟萃分析条件。与无痴呆症患者相比，PwD 的死亡率（RR 1.74 CI95%1.50, 2.05）和住院率（RR：2.16 CI95%1.31, 3.56）显著更高。再入院率的结果不一致。与所检查的不良结果显著相关的因素是痴呆症的严重程度、用药数量和日常生活活动缺陷。
PwD 住院会导致不良后果。需要改善急性环境中 PwD 的识别和护理，以及社区环境中的后续护理，特别是在两者之间的接口处，以防止住院 PwD 的不良后果。
