Transport and Road Safety Research Centre (TARS), The University of New South Wales, Australia.
Transport and Road Safety Research Centre (TARS), The University of New South Wales, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2018 Oct;119:1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.06.012. Epub 2018 Jun 30.
There is growing interest in young driver training that addresses age-related factors, including incompletely developed impulse control. Two studies investigated whether training of response inhibition can reduce risky simulated driving in young drivers (aged 16-24 years). Each study manipulated aspects of response inhibition training then assessed transfer of training using simulated driving measures including speeding, risky passing, and compliance with traffic controls. Study 1 (n = 65) used a Go/No-go task, Stop Signal Task and a Collision Detection Task. Designed to promote engagement, learning, and transfer, training tasks were driving-relevant and adaptive (i.e. difficulty increased as performance improved), included performance feedback, and were distributed over five days. Control participants completed matching "filler" tasks. Performance on trained tasks improved with training, but there was no significant improvement in simulated driving. Study 2 enhanced response inhibition training using Go/No-go and SST tasks, with clearer performance feedback, and 10 days of training. Control participants completed testing only, in order to avoid any possibility of training response inhibition in the filler tasks. Again performance on trained tasks improved, but there was no evidence of transfer of training to simulated driving. These findings suggest that although training of sufficient interest and duration can improve response inhibition task performance, a training schedule that is likely to be acceptable to the public does not result in improvements in simulated driving. Further research is needed to investigate whether response inhibition training can improve risky driving in the context of real-world motivations for risky driving.
越来越多的人关注针对年轻驾驶员的培训，这些培训旨在解决与年龄相关的因素，包括冲动控制尚未完全发展的问题。有两项研究调查了反应抑制训练是否可以减少年轻驾驶员（16-24 岁）的危险模拟驾驶行为。每项研究都对反应抑制训练的各个方面进行了操作，然后使用模拟驾驶措施评估了训练的转移，包括超速、冒险超车和遵守交通规则。研究 1（n=65）使用了 Go/No-go 任务、停止信号任务和碰撞检测任务。训练任务旨在促进参与、学习和转移，具有驾驶相关性和适应性（即随着性能的提高，难度增加），包括绩效反馈，并分布在五天内完成。对照组参与者完成了匹配的“填充”任务。随着训练的进行，训练任务的表现有所提高，但模拟驾驶的表现没有显著提高。研究 2 使用 Go/No-go 和 SST 任务增强了反应抑制训练，增加了更清晰的绩效反馈，并进行了 10 天的训练。对照组参与者仅完成了测试，以避免在填充任务中进行反应抑制训练的任何可能性。同样，训练任务的表现有所提高，但没有证据表明训练转移到模拟驾驶。这些发现表明，尽管具有足够兴趣和持续时间的训练可以提高反应抑制任务的表现，但对于公众来说可能无法接受的训练时间表并不会导致模拟驾驶的改善。需要进一步研究以调查反应抑制训练是否可以在现实世界中对冒险驾驶的动机的背景下改善冒险驾驶行为。
