Universidade Santa Cecília - UNISANTA, Rua Oswaldo Cruz, 277, Santos, São Paulo 11045-907, Brazil.
Universidade Santa Cecília - UNISANTA, Rua Oswaldo Cruz, 277, Santos, São Paulo 11045-907, Brazil; Center dor Innovation, Technology and Education - CITE, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi - UAM, Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, Estr. Dr. Altino Bondensan, 500, São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12247-015, Brazil.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2018 Aug;185:223-234. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.06.013. Epub 2018 Jun 22.
Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a vibrational technique that is suitable for performing biochemical analyses in human tissues and fluids. This work has investigated the identification of biochemical markers due to physical performance in the urine of swimming athletes. This was achieved by means of the Raman features that were found before and after the swimming training compared to the sedentary control subjects. These particular biochemical marker identifications refer to and infer the physiological status of individuals. The urine samples (single stream) were collected before and after the training (velocity, middle distance and distance) of professional swimmers, as well as from sedentary subjects (control). The urine samples were submitted to RS (830 nm excitation, 350 mW, 400-1800 cm spectral range, 4 cm resolution) and the spectra after the training were compared to the spectra before training, and subsequently, to the control subjects. The principal component analysis (PCA) was employed in order to identify the biochemicals that were responsible for the spectral differences. The Raman features of the urine samples after training showed peaks that were related to common urine metabolites, such as urea and creatinine. PCA analysis also revealed Raman features that were attributed to other metabolites, such as creatine, ketone bodies, phosphate and nitrogenous compounds in the swimmers after training. RS was a rapid and reliable technique for the evaluation of urine metabolites that were related to the physical performance of high-level swimmers, which then allowed for an accurate assessment and a control of their physiological efficiencies.
拉曼光谱（RS）是一种适用于对人体组织和体液进行生化分析的振动技术。这项工作研究了由于游泳运动员尿液中的物理性能而导致的生化标志物的识别。这是通过与久坐对照组相比，在游泳训练前后发现的拉曼特征来实现的。这些特定的生化标志物识别涉及并推断个体的生理状态。收集了专业游泳运动员（速度、中距离和长距离）以及久坐对照组（对照）在训练前后（速度、中距离和距离）的尿液样本（单一流）。对尿液样本进行了 RS（830nm 激发，350mW，400-1800cm 光谱范围，4cm 分辨率），并将训练后的光谱与训练前的光谱以及随后与对照组进行了比较。采用主成分分析（PCA）来识别导致光谱差异的生化物质。训练后尿液样本的拉曼特征显示出与常见尿液代谢物（如尿素和肌酐）有关的峰。PCA 分析还揭示了与其他代谢物（如肌酸、酮体、磷酸盐和氮化合物）有关的拉曼特征。RS 是一种快速可靠的尿液代谢物评估技术，与高水平游泳运动员的身体表现有关，从而可以对其生理效率进行准确评估和控制。
