Valente-Dos-Santos João, Tavares Óscar M, Duarte João P, Sousa-E-Silva Paulo M, Rama Luís M, Casanova José M, Fontes-Ribeiro Carlos A, Marques Elisa A, Courteix Daniel, Ronque Enio R V, Cyrino Edilson S, Conde Jorge, Coelho-E-Silva Manuel J
CIDAF (UID/DTP/04213/2016), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BPD/100470/2014), Lisbon, Portugal.
BMC Pediatr. 2018 Jul 3;18(1):212. doi: 10.1186/s12887-018-1182-z.
Exploring the osteogenic effect of different bone-loading sports is particular relevant to understand the interaction between skeletal muscle and bone health during growth. This study aimed to compare total and regional bone and soft-tissue composition between female adolescent swimmers (n=20, 15.71±0.93 years) and volleyball players (n=26, 16.20±0.77 years).
Dietary intake was obtained using food frequency questionnaires. Body size was given by stature, sitting height, and body mass. Six skinfolds were measured. Bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), lean soft tissue, and fat tissue were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Pearson's product moment correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationships among variables, by type of sport. Comparisons between swimmers and volleyball players were performed using student t-tests for independent samples and multivariate analysis of covariance (controlling for age, training history and body size).
Swimmers (BMC: 2328±338 g) and volleyball players (BMC: 2656±470 g) exceeded respectively by 2.1 and 2.8 standard deviation scores the average of international standards for whole body BMC of healthy adolescents. Years of training in swimmers were positively related to the upper limbs BMC (r=+0.49, p<0.05). In volleyball players, years of training correlated significantly with lower limbs BMD (r=+0.43, p<0.05). After adjustments for potential confounders, moderate differences (ES-r=0.32) between swimmers and volleyball players were noted in BMD at the lower limbs (volleyball players: +0.098 g∙cm, +7.8%).
Youth female athletes who participate in high-intensity weight-loading activities such as volleyball exhibit moderately higher levels of BMD at the lower limbs compared to non-loading sports such as swimming.
探究不同负重运动的成骨作用对于理解生长过程中骨骼肌与骨骼健康之间的相互作用尤为重要。本研究旨在比较女性青少年游泳运动员（n = 20，15.71±0.93岁）和排球运动员（n = 26，16.20±0.77岁）的全身及局部骨骼和软组织成分。
通过食物频率问卷获取饮食摄入量。身体尺寸由身高、坐高和体重给出。测量六项皮褶厚度。使用双能X线吸收法评估骨矿物质含量（BMC）、骨密度（BMD）、瘦软组织和脂肪组织。计算皮尔逊积差相关系数以按运动类型检验变量之间的关系。使用独立样本的学生t检验和协方差多变量分析（控制年龄、训练史和身体尺寸）对游泳运动员和排球运动员进行比较。
游泳运动员（BMC：2328±338 g）和排球运动员（BMC：2656±470 g）的全身BMC分别超出健康青少年国际标准平均值2.1和2.8个标准差分数。游泳运动员的训练年限与上肢BMC呈正相关（r = +0.49，p<0.05）。在排球运动员中，训练年限与下肢BMD显著相关（r = +0.43，p<0.05）。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，注意到游泳运动员和排球运动员在下肢BMD方面存在中度差异（ES-r = 0.32）（排球运动员：+0.098 g∙cm，+7.8%）。
与游泳等非负重运动相比，参与排球等高强度负重活动的年轻女性运动员下肢BMD水平略高。
