"A body in transformation"-An empirical phenomenological study about fear-avoidance beliefs towards physical activity among persons experiencing moderate-to-severe rheumatic pain.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

To gain a better understanding of fear-avoidance beliefs towards physical activity and body awareness in people experiencing moderate-to-severe rheumatic pain.

BACKGROUND

Rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis are long-term conditions with pain as the prominent symptom. Health-promoting physical activity is recommended and can have an analgesic effect. High self-rated pain has previously been reported to be associated with increased fear-avoidance behaviour in relation to physical activity. Body awareness, which includes attentional focus and awareness of internal body sensations, could be valuable in the nursing care of long-term diseases.

DESIGN

Empirical phenomenological.

METHODS

An empirical phenomenological psychological method was applied. The interviews took place between autumn 2016-spring 2017 with 11 informants (eight women and three men, age range 44-71 years) who were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 7) or psoriatic arthritis (n = 4), with a disease duration ranging from 3-35 years. The mean visual analogue scale score in the study sample was 60 mm.

RESULTS

Three typologies were identified: "My relatively fragile physical status", "I am an active creator" and "Part of something bigger than myself."

CONCLUSIONS

The current findings indicated that pain anticipation and fear-avoidance beliefs towards physical activity sometimes affected the behaviour of individuals with long-term rheumatic pain syndromes. People experiencing moderate-to-severe rheumatic pain tended to focus on their fragile physical and emotional state. By adopting a more favourable attitude towards the self, the body could be restored to a state of calm and balance.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

The current findings are relevant for healthcare professionals engaged in health-promotion clinical practice.