Van Doorn George, De Foe Alexander, Wood Alle, Wagstaff Danielle, Hohwy Jakob
a School of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology , Federation University Australia , Churchill , Australia.
b School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Psychology , RMIT University , Melbourne , Australia.
Cogn Neuropsychiatry. 2018 Sep;23(5):284-298. doi: 10.1080/13546805.2018.1495623. Epub 2018 Jul 5.
"Body swapping" illusions have been used to explore factors contributing to the experience of "owning" an artificial body. Preliminary research indicated that those people diagnosed with schizophrenia experience more vivid illusions of this kind than do "normal" individuals.
Here, we explored whether participants who rated themselves "high" on the cognitive-perceptual factor of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) experienced a more compelling sense of immersion in a variation of the body swapping illusion: The Barbie Doll Illusion. We also hypothesised that these individuals would experience a change in size perception when immersed in the illusion.
Forty-four participants wore a pair of Head-Mounted Display goggles connected to a video-camera, and thus a doll's body replaced their own body in their visual field. In two conditions, touch was either applied synchronously or asynchronously to the doll's and each participant's leg. After each condition, participants filled out a questionnaire relating to their experience in the illusion. When both conditions were completed, they filled out the SPQ.
Our first hypothesis was confirmed, which suggested that people with higher cognitive-perceptual SPQ scores do indeed experience a more compelling Barbie Doll Illusion; however, our second hypothesis was not supported.
Our study demonstrated, for the first time, that proneness to the positive and interpersonal factors of schizotypy in a normal population is sufficient to produce a compelling sense of swapping bodies.
“身体互换”幻觉已被用于探究影响“拥有”人造身体体验的因素。初步研究表明，被诊断为精神分裂症的人比“正常”个体更容易产生这种生动的幻觉。
在此，我们探究了在分裂型人格问卷（SPQ）的认知-感知因子上给自己打“高分”的参与者，是否在一种身体互换幻觉的变体——芭比娃娃幻觉中体验到更强的沉浸感。我们还假设，这些个体在沉浸于幻觉时会经历大小感知的变化。
44名参与者佩戴了一副与摄像机相连的头戴式显示器护目镜，于是在他们的视野中，一个娃娃的身体取代了他们自己的身体。在两种情况下，分别对娃娃和每个参与者的腿部同步或异步施加触摸。每种情况结束后，参与者填写一份关于他们在幻觉中体验的问卷。当两种情况都完成后，他们填写SPQ。
我们的第一个假设得到了证实，即SPQ认知-感知得分较高的人确实会体验到更强的芭比娃娃幻觉；然而，我们的第二个假设未得到支持。
我们的研究首次表明，正常人群中分裂型人格的阳性和人际因子倾向足以产生强烈的身体互换感。
