Schwabe Kana, Menzel Claudia, Mullin Caitlin, Wagemans Johan, Redies Christoph
Experimental Aesthetics Group, Institute of Anatomy I, University of Jena School of Medicine, Germany.
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Brain & Cognition, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium.
Iperception. 2018 Jun 13;9(3):2041669518780797. doi: 10.1177/2041669518780797. eCollection 2018 May-Jun.
Most recent studies in experimental aesthetics have focused on the cognitive processing of visual artworks. In contrast, the perception of formal compositional features of artworks has been studied less extensively. Here, we investigated whether fast and automatic processing of artistic image composition can lead to a stable and consistent aesthetic evaluation when cognitive processing is minimized or absent. To this aim, we compared aesthetic ratings on abstract artworks and their shuffled counterparts in a gist experiment. Results show that exposure times as short as 50 ms suffice for the participants to reach a stable and consistent rating on how and the abstract stimuli were. Moreover, the rating scores for the 50 ms exposure time exhibited similar dependencies on image type and self-similarity and a similar pattern of correlations between different rating terms, as the rating scores for the long exposure time (3,000 ms). Ratings were less consistent for the term and inconsistent for the term . Our results are compatible with a model of aesthetic experience, in which the early perceptual processing of the formal aspects of visual artworks can lead to a consistent aesthetic judgment, even if there is no cognitive contribution to this judgment.
实验美学领域的最新研究主要聚焦于视觉艺术作品的认知加工。相比之下，对艺术作品形式构图特征的感知研究较少。在此，我们探究了在认知加工降至最低或不存在时，对艺术图像构图的快速自动加工是否能导致稳定且一致的审美评价。为此，我们在一个主旨实验中比较了参与者对抽象艺术作品及其混洗版本的审美评分。结果表明，短至50毫秒的曝光时间就足以让参与者对抽象刺激的美观程度给出稳定且一致的评分。此外，50毫秒曝光时间的评分分数在图像类型和自相似性方面呈现出与长曝光时间（3000毫秒）的评分分数相似的依赖性，以及不同评分术语之间相似的相关模式。对于“ ”这一术语，评分的一致性较低，而对于“ ”这一术语，评分则不一致。我们的结果与一种审美体验模型相符，在该模型中，即使对视觉艺术作品形式方面的早期感知加工没有认知方面的贡献，也能导致一致的审美判断。
