Sürücü Hamdiye Arda, OKur Arslan Hatice
Internal Medicine Nursing, Ataturk School of Health, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
Diabetes Nursing, Çankırı Private Karatekin Hospital-Diabetes Education and Monitoring Policlinic, Çankırı, Turkey.
J Caring Sci. 2018 Jun 1;7(2):67-74. doi: 10.15171/jcs.2018.011. eCollection 2018 Jun.
As well as its negative effect on the subcutaneous tissues, lipohypertrophy has negative effects on clinical data. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of lipohypertrophy, risk factors and perceived barriers preventing rotation in individuals with type 2 diabetes. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Diabetes Education Center and Endocrine and Metabolism Clinic of a university hospital and Diabetes Education and Monitoring Center in a private hospital in Turkey between June 2016- April 2017. The inclusion criteria were as follows; undergoing at least one year of insulin therapy, injecting insulin pens or syringes themselves, being over 18 years of age, making regular injection of insulin and being a patient with type 2 diabetes. Introductory information form was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis with SPSS version 16.0. Factors influencing lipohypertrophy development were determined as follows; healthcare personnel who provide insulin education, duration of diabetes, the number of injection administered daily, needle length, the number of injection sites, insulin types, injection site rotation and intra-site rotation and needle exchange frequency. In addition, the prevalence of lipohypertrophy was found to be higher in patients with hypoglycemia, unexplained hypoglycemia, and those with high BMI and A1C. It is recommended that diabetes education should be provided by the diabetes specialist nurses who have diabetes-specific certifications and / or education and who can provide full-time education. Randomized controlled interventional studies investigating how to prevent the lipohypertrophy development are also needed.
脂肪增生除了对皮下组织有负面影响外，还会对临床数据产生不利影响。本研究的目的是调查2型糖尿病患者中脂肪增生的发生率、危险因素以及阻碍部位轮换的感知障碍。这项描述性横断面研究于2016年6月至2017年4月在土耳其一家大学医院的糖尿病教育中心、内分泌与代谢诊所及一家私立医院的糖尿病教育与监测中心进行。纳入标准如下：接受至少一年胰岛素治疗、自行注射胰岛素笔或注射器、年龄超过18岁、定期注射胰岛素且为2型糖尿病患者。使用基本信息表收集数据。数据采用描述性统计和SPSS 16.0版本的卡方分析进行分析。确定影响脂肪增生发展的因素如下：提供胰岛素教育的医护人员、糖尿病病程、每日注射次数、针头长度、注射部位数量、胰岛素类型、注射部位轮换和部位内轮换以及针头更换频率。此外，发现低血糖、不明原因低血糖以及BMI和糖化血红蛋白（A1C）较高的患者中脂肪增生的患病率更高。建议由具有糖尿病专业认证和/或教育背景且能提供全职教育的糖尿病专科护士提供糖尿病教育。还需要开展随机对照干预研究来探讨如何预防脂肪增生的发展。
