Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2018 Aug;51:163-169. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2018.06.002. Epub 2018 Jun 29.
Vaccines have been one of the most successful interventions in global health. However, traditional vaccine development has proven insufficient to deal with pathogens that elude the immune system through highly variable and non-functional epitopes. Emerging B cell technologies have yielded potent monoclonal antibodies targeting conserved epitopes, and their structural characterization has provided templates for rational immunogen design. Here, we review immunogen design strategies that leverage structural information to steer bulk immune responses towards the induction of precise antibody specificities targeting key antigenic sites. Immunogens designed to elicit well-defined antibody responses will become the basis of what we dubbed precision vaccines. Such immunogens have been used to tackle long-standing vaccine problems and have demonstrated their potential to seed the next-generation of vaccines.
疫苗一直是全球卫生领域最成功的干预措施之一。然而，传统的疫苗开发已经证明不足以应对那些通过高度可变和非功能表位逃避免疫系统的病原体。新兴的 B 细胞技术已经产生了针对保守表位的有效单克隆抗体，其结构特征为合理的免疫原设计提供了模板。在这里，我们回顾了利用结构信息引导大量免疫反应产生针对关键抗原位点的精确抗体特异性的免疫原设计策略。旨在诱导明确抗体反应的免疫原将成为我们所谓的精准疫苗的基础。这些免疫原已被用于解决长期存在的疫苗问题，并已证明它们有潜力为下一代疫苗奠定基础。
