Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, Poland; Clinical Research Association for Infectious Disease at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
Clinical Research Association for Infectious Disease at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
J Infect Public Health. 2019 Jan-Feb;12(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.06.005. Epub 2018 Jul 3.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA tumour virus that is the primary cause of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The direct connection between HPV and cervical cancer was discovered in 1980, however, many physicians and the general public are still oblivious to the association of HPV and anal cancer; most individuals find out about this relationship after a confirmed diagnosis, and therefore, it is important to raise awareness about HPV as an etiological agent in anal cancer. There is a quadrivalent vaccine available, which prevents an individual from being infected with HPV, thus anal cancer is mainly a preventable cancer when caused by HPV, and ultimately, preventing cancer is better than curing cancer, especially when there is no definite cure.This article aims to review the microbiology, pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, prophylaxis and treatment options for HPV as an etiology agent in anal cancers in light of recent literature.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是一种 DNA 肿瘤病毒，是性传播感染（STI）的主要原因。HPV 与宫颈癌之间的直接联系于 1980 年被发现，但许多医生和公众仍然没有意识到 HPV 与肛门癌之间的关联；大多数人在确诊后才了解到这种关系，因此，提高人们对 HPV 作为肛门癌病因的认识非常重要。目前有一种四价疫苗，可预防个体感染 HPV，因此 HPV 引起的肛门癌主要是可预防的癌症，当涉及到癌症时，预防优于治疗，尤其是当没有明确的治疗方法时。本文旨在根据最新文献综述 HPV 作为肛门癌病因的微生物学、病理生理学、流行病学、临床表现、诊断评估、预防和治疗选择。
