Li HuaTao, Tang SiYi, Du WenHao, Jiang Jun, Peng PeiYuan, Yuan Ping, Liao YiHong, Long Jiao, Zhou SiShun
Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Conservation and Utilization of Fishes Resources in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China.
College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2019 Feb;45(1):43-61. doi: 10.1007/s10695-018-0533-x. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
Firstly, a linoleic and linolenic acid emulsion and fish feeds were incubated with graded levels of ethoxyquin (EQ) and petroleum ether extract, ethyl acetate extract (EAE), ethanol extract and aqueous extract of Angelica sinensis. The results showed that EQ and extracts of Angelica sinensis (EAs) inhibited lipid oxidation in material above. Of all of the examined EAs, EAE showed the strongest protective effects against the lipid oxidation. Moreover, EAE at high concentrations showed a stronger inhibitory effect on lipid oxidation than that of EQ. Next, 7 experimental diets that respectively supplemented 0.0, 0.2, 0.8 and 3.2 g kg of EQ and EAE were fed to 280 juvenile red carp (Cyprinus carpio var. xingguonensis) with seven treatment groups for 30 days. The results indicated that dietary EAE improved growth performance in carp. Moreover, dietary EAE increased the activities of trypsin, lipase, alpha-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and decreased plasma ammonia content in carp. Meanwhile, dietary EAE reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and raised the activities of anti-superoxide anion, anti-hydroxyl radical, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and the content of reduced glutathione in the hepatopancreas and intestine of carp. However, with the exception of GPT, dietary EQ got the opposite results to dietary EAE in carp. These results revealed that dietary EAE improved the digestive, absorptive and antioxidant capacities in fish. However, dietary EQ inhibited the digestive, absorptive and antioxidant capacities in fish. So, EAE could be used as a natural antioxidant for replacing EQ in fish feeds.
首先，将亚油酸和亚麻酸乳液以及鱼饲料与不同梯度水平的乙氧喹（EQ）以及当归的石油醚提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物（EAE）、乙醇提取物和水提取物一起孵育。结果表明，EQ和当归提取物（EAs）抑制了上述材料中的脂质氧化。在所有检测的EAs中，EAE对脂质氧化表现出最强的保护作用。此外，高浓度的EAE对脂质氧化的抑制作用比EQ更强。接下来，将分别添加0.0、0.2、0.8和3.2 g/kg EQ和EAE的7种实验饲料投喂给280尾兴国红鲤幼鱼（Cyprinus carpio var. xingguonensis），分为7个处理组，为期30天。结果表明，饲料中的EAE提高了鲤鱼的生长性能。此外，饲料中的EAE提高了鲤鱼胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶、α-淀粉酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶（GPT）的活性，并降低了鲤鱼血浆氨含量。同时，饲料中的EAE降低了丙二醛水平，提高了鲤鱼肝胰脏和肠道中抗超氧阴离子、抗羟自由基、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶的活性以及还原型谷胱甘肽的含量。然而，除GPT外，饲料中的EQ在鲤鱼中得到了与饲料EAE相反的结果。这些结果表明，饲料中的EAE提高了鱼类的消化、吸收和抗氧化能力。然而，饲料中的EQ抑制了鱼类的消化、吸收和抗氧化能力。因此，EAE可作为一种天然抗氧化剂用于替代鱼饲料中的EQ。
