Grace Clea S, Mikkola Hanna K A, Dou Diana R, Calvanese Vincenzo, Ronn Roger E, Purton Louise E
St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Exp Hematol. 2018 Sep;65:1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.06.287. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent cells responsible for the maintenance of the hematopoietic system throughout life. Dysregulation of the balance in HSC self-renewal, death, and differentiation can have serious consequences such as myelodysplastic syndromes or leukemia. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the biologically active metabolite of vitamin A/RA, has been shown to have pleiotropic effects on hematopoietic cells, enhancing HSC self-renewal while also increasing differentiation of more mature progenitors. Furthermore, ATRA has been shown to have key roles in regulating the specification and formation of hematopoietic cells from pluripotent stem cells including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Here, we summarize the known roles of vitamin A and RA receptors in the regulation of hematopoiesis from HSCs, ES, and iPSCs.
造血干细胞（HSCs）是多能细胞，负责终生维持造血系统。造血干细胞自我更新、死亡和分化平衡的失调会产生严重后果，如骨髓增生异常综合征或白血病。全反式维甲酸（ATRA）是维生素A/维甲酸的生物活性代谢产物，已被证明对造血细胞具有多效性作用，可增强造血干细胞的自我更新，同时也增加更成熟祖细胞的分化。此外，ATRA已被证明在调节包括胚胎干细胞（ESCs）和诱导多能干细胞（iPSCs）在内的多能干细胞向造血细胞的特化和形成过程中发挥关键作用。在此，我们总结了维生素A和维甲酸受体在造血干细胞、胚胎干细胞和诱导多能干细胞的造血调控中的已知作用。
