1 Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
2 IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Rome, Italy.
Neuroscientist. 2019 Jun;25(3):258-270. doi: 10.1177/1073858418785342. Epub 2018 Jul 9.
Models advanced to explain hemispheric asymmetries in representation of emotions will be discussed following their historical progression. First, the clinical observations that have suggested a general dominance of the right hemisphere for all kinds of emotions will be reviewed. Then the experimental investigations that have led to proposal of a different hemispheric specialization for positive versus negative emotions (valence hypothesis) or, alternatively, for approach versus avoidance tendencies (motivational hypothesis) will be surveyed. The discussion of these general models will be followed by a review of recent studies which have documented laterality effects within specific brain structures, known to play a critical role in different components of emotions, namely the amygdata in the computation of emotionally laden stimuli, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the integration between cognition and emotion and in the control of impulsive reactions and the anterior insula in the conscious experience of emotion. Results of these recent investigations support and provide an updated integrated version of early models assuming a general right hemisphere dominance for all kinds of emotions.
将按照历史发展顺序讨论用于解释情绪表现的半球不对称性的先进模型。首先，将回顾表明各种情绪的右半球普遍占主导地位的临床观察结果。然后，将调查导致提出正性情绪与负性情绪（效价假说）或替代性的趋近回避倾向（动机假说）的不同半球专门化的实验研究。在讨论这些一般模型之后，将回顾最近的研究，这些研究记录了在已知在情绪的不同成分中起关键作用的特定脑结构内的偏侧性效应，即杏仁核在计算情绪负荷刺激，腹内侧前额叶皮层在认知与情绪之间的整合以及冲动反应的控制以及在前脑岛中的情绪意识体验。这些最近的研究结果支持并提供了早期模型的更新综合版本，这些模型假设所有类型的情绪都普遍存在右半球优势。
