体力活动、心肺适能与青光眼发病风险
Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Incident Glaucoma.
机构信息
Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
出版信息
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018 Nov;50(11):2253-2258. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001692.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to examine the associations of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (hereafter fitness) with incident glaucoma in a prospective observational study.
METHODS
Physical activity was measured by self-reported leisure-time activities, and fitness was measured by maximal treadmill test. Incident glaucoma was defined based on physician diagnosis. Participants were 9519 men and women between the ages of 40 and 81 yr old (mean age 50 yr) who were enrolled in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression after adjusting for age, sex, race, examination year, smoking status, heavy alcohol drinking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, abnormal ECG, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
RESULTS
A total of 128 cases of incident glaucoma were reported during a mean follow-up of 5.7 yr. A significantly lower risk of incident glaucoma (HR = 0.53, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.35-0.79) was found in individuals who met the physical activity guidelines of ≥500 MET·min·wk compared with inactive individuals (0 MET·min·wk). Compared with low fitness (lower third), individuals with high fitness (upper third) also had a significantly lower risk of incident glaucoma (HR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.38-0.95). A joint analysis of physical activity and fitness showed that meeting physical activity guidelines and being in the high fitness category was associated with the lowest risk for developing glaucoma (HR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.31-0.79).
CONCLUSION
These data provide epidemiological evidence that meeting physical activity guidelines or being fit reduces the risk of developing glaucoma.
目的
本研究旨在前瞻性观察研究中探讨体力活动和心肺适能（以下简称体能）与青光眼发病的相关性。
方法
体力活动通过自我报告的休闲时间活动进行测量，体能通过最大跑步机测试进行测量。根据医生诊断定义青光眼发病。参与者为年龄在 40 至 81 岁（平均年龄 50 岁）之间的 9519 名男性和女性，他们参加了有氧运动中心纵向研究。使用 Cox 比例风险回归在调整年龄、性别、种族、检查年份、吸烟状况、大量饮酒、高血压、高胆固醇血症、异常心电图、糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症后，估计了风险比（HR）。
结果
在平均 5.7 年的随访期间，共报告了 128 例青光眼发病。与不活动的个体相比，符合体力活动指南（≥500 MET·min·wk）的个体发生青光眼发病的风险显著降低（HR=0.53，95%置信区间[95%CI]为 0.35-0.79）。与低体能（下三分之一）相比，高体能（上三分之一）个体发生青光眼发病的风险也显著降低（HR=0.60，95%CI=0.38-0.95）。体力活动和体能的联合分析表明，符合体力活动指南和体能较高与发生青光眼的风险最低相关（HR=0.49，95%CI=0.31-0.79）。
结论
这些数据提供了流行病学证据，表明符合体力活动指南或体能良好可降低发生青光眼的风险。
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