Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
Nutrients. 2018 Jul 6;10(7):878. doi: 10.3390/nu10070878.
To record which interventions produce the greatest variations in body composition in patients ≤19 years old with metabolic syndrome (MS).
search dates between 2005 and 2017 in peer reviewed journals, following the PRISMA method (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses). The selection criteria were: diagnostic for MS or at least a criterion for diagnosis; randomized clinical trials, ≤19 years of age; intervention programs that use diet and/or exercise as a tool (interventions showing an interest in body composition).
1781 clinical trials were identified under these criteria but only 0.51% were included. The most frequent characteristics of the selected clinical trials were that they used multidisciplinary interventions and were carried out in America. The most utilized parameters were BMI (body mass index) in kg/m² and BW (body weight) in kg.
Most of the clinical trials included had been diagnosed through at least 2 diagnostic criteria for MS. Multidisciplinary interventions obtained greater changes in body composition in patients with MS. This change was especially prevalent in the combinations of dietary interventions and physical exercise. It is proposed to follow the guidelines proposed for patients who are overweight, obese, or have diabetes type 2, and extrapolate these strategies as recommendations for future clinical trials designed for patients with MS.
记录代谢综合征 (MS) 患者 ≤19 岁时哪些干预措施对身体成分的变化最大。
按照 PRISMA 方法（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目），在同行评审期刊中搜索 2005 年至 2017 年的数据。选择标准为：MS 的诊断或至少有诊断标准；随机临床试验，≤19 岁；使用饮食和/或运动作为工具的干预计划（对身体成分感兴趣的干预措施）。
根据这些标准确定了 1781 项临床试验，但仅纳入了 0.51%。所选临床试验最常见的特征是使用多学科干预措施，并在美国进行。最常用的参数是 BMI（体重指数）以 kg/m² 和 BW（体重）以 kg 表示。
大多数纳入的临床试验至少通过 2 项 MS 诊断标准进行了诊断。多学科干预措施使 MS 患者的身体成分发生了更大的变化。这种变化在饮食干预和体育锻炼的组合中尤为明显。建议遵循超重、肥胖或 2 型糖尿病患者的建议，并将这些策略作为未来为 MS 患者设计的临床试验的建议进行推广。
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