Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 7;19(14):8300. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19148300.
Obesity in childhood and adolescence represents a serious health problem worldwide. Similarly, eating disorders (EDs) are complex diseases that affect adolescents with an increasing prevalence and are an alarming health concern to both physical and mental health. Traditionally, obesity and EDs, particularly binge eating disorder (BED), have been considered separate conditions, but there is emerging evidence such as etiology, comorbidities, risk factors, psychosocial impairment, and prevention approaches, highlighting important overlaps among these conditions. In youth, the two conditions share risk factors and consequences at both the physical and psychological levels, requiring special care. Exercise, useful as strategy to prevent and treat overweight conditions, may have beneficial effects on BED symptoms, suggesting that it may be considered as one of the key factors in the treatment of individuals affected by obesity with BED. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the bidirectional impact of obesity and BED in adolescents, in terms of risk factors, etiology and comorbid conditions. Specifically, we focused on the benefits of physical activity (PA) in the multidisciplinary treatment of subjects affected by obesity with BED. Even though additional research is needed to reach conclusions about the role of exercise in the treatment of obesity and comorbid BED, especially in adolescents, promising results have already suggested that closely monitored exercise is safe and, paired with cognitive behavioral therapy, may provide multiple benefits on both the physical and psychological levels. Tailored and integrated treatments for weight management and eating disorders are important to promptly and effectively treat obese subjects that have BED.
儿童和青少年时期的肥胖是一个全球性的严重健康问题。同样，饮食失调（EDs）是一种复杂的疾病，影响着患病率不断增加的青少年，对身心健康都是一个令人担忧的健康问题。传统上，肥胖和 EDs，特别是暴食障碍（BED），被认为是两种独立的疾病，但越来越多的证据表明，如病因、共病、风险因素、心理社会障碍和预防方法等，这些疾病之间存在着重要的重叠。在青少年中，这两种疾病在身体和心理层面都存在共同的风险因素和后果，需要特别关注。运动作为预防和治疗超重的策略可能对 BED 症状有有益的影响，这表明它可以被视为治疗肥胖合并 BED 的个体的关键因素之一。本叙述性综述的目的是探讨肥胖和 BED 在青少年中的双向影响，包括风险因素、病因和共病情况。具体来说，我们专注于身体活动（PA）在肥胖合并 BED 患者的多学科治疗中的益处。尽管还需要进一步的研究来确定运动在治疗肥胖和共病 BED 中的作用，但已经有有希望的结果表明，在认知行为疗法的配合下，密切监测的运动是安全的，并可能在身体和心理层面上提供多种益处。量身定制和综合的体重管理和饮食失调治疗对及时有效地治疗肥胖合并 BED 的患者非常重要。
