Carr D H, Gadian D G
Clin Radiol. 1985 Nov;36(6):561-8. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9260(85)80234-8.
With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) it has become apparent that paramagnetic contrast agents may have a place in clinical practice. The mechanism of action, development, techniques of use and initial animal and clinical results are reviewed. Gadolinium diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (Gd3+-DTPA) has proved an effective paramagnetic contrast agent in experimental animals and clinical trials with this agent commenced in November-December 1983. Gd3+-DTPA will cross a damaged blood-brain barrier, is excreted mainly by glomerular filtration and is distributed mainly in the extracellular space. No short-term toxicity has been detected. Long-term toxicity is, as yet, unknown. Optimum dose, pulse sequences and timing of imaging remain to be determined by further studies but Gd3+-DTPA shows promise as a useful addition to MRI.
随着磁共振成像（MRI）的出现，顺磁性造影剂在临床实践中的应用已变得日益明显。本文对其作用机制、发展情况、使用技术以及初步的动物实验和临床结果进行了综述。钆二乙烯三胺五乙酸（Gd3+-DTPA）在实验动物中已被证明是一种有效的顺磁性造影剂，针对该造影剂的临床试验于1983年11月至12月开始。Gd3+-DTPA能够穿过受损的血脑屏障，主要通过肾小球滤过排出体外，且主要分布在细胞外间隙。尚未检测到短期毒性。长期毒性目前仍未知。最佳剂量、脉冲序列以及成像时间仍有待进一步研究确定，但Gd3+-DTPA有望成为MRI的一种有用辅助手段。
