Stecco Alessandro, Trisoglio Alessandra, Soligo Eleonora, Berardo Sara, Sukhovei Lidiia, Carriero Alessandro
Ospedale Maggiore della Carità di Novara, Istituto di Radiodiagnostica ed Interventistica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Amedeo Avogadro, Corso Giuseppe Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2018 Jul 9;8(3):45. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics8030045.
Whole body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-MRI-DWI) is currently emerging as a diagnostic technique in the evaluation of bone metastases from breast, prostate, lung, thyroid, and melanoma tumors. The most relevant articles regarding the detection of solid tumor bone metastases with MRI have been reviewed and cited. The imaging methods currently used in the detection of bone metastases are bone scintigraphy, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET/CT) with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-d-glucose (18F-FDG PET/CT). WB-MRI-DWI allows qualitative and quantitative evaluation of focal lesions through signal intensity evaluation on DWI images and the reconstruction of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map. In prostate and breast cancer, WB-MRI-DWI is useful in assessing the response of bone lesions to therapy and to detecting early non-responders, while in lung cancer the method shows a similar sensitivity to 18F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of bone metastases. In bone metastases of thyroid tumors and melanoma, the WB-MRI-DWI shows a higher sensitivity when compared to 18F-FDG PET/CT. With a standardization of the WB-MRI-DWI protocol, this method seems to play an important role in the diagnosis of bone solid tumor metastases.
全身磁共振成像（MRI）结合扩散加权成像（WB-MRI-DWI）目前正成为一种用于评估乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌、甲状腺癌和黑色素瘤骨转移的诊断技术。已对有关用MRI检测实体瘤骨转移的最相关文章进行了综述和引用。目前用于检测骨转移的成像方法有骨闪烁显像、计算机断层扫描（CT）以及用2-脱氧-2-[氟-18]氟-D-葡萄糖（18F-FDG PET/CT）的正电子发射断层扫描（PET/CT）。WB-MRI-DWI可通过对DWI图像上的信号强度进行评估以及重建表观扩散系数（ADC）图，对局灶性病变进行定性和定量评估。在前列腺癌和乳腺癌中，WB-MRI-DWI有助于评估骨病变对治疗的反应并检测早期无反应者，而在肺癌中，该方法在检测骨转移方面显示出与18F-FDG PET/CT相似的敏感性。在甲状腺肿瘤和黑色素瘤的骨转移中，与18F-FDG PET/CT相比，WB-MRI-DWI显示出更高的敏感性。随着WB-MRI-DWI方案的标准化，该方法似乎在骨实体瘤转移的诊断中发挥重要作用。
