Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Division of Epidemiology, Long Island City, NY, USA.
J Urban Health. 2018 Dec;95(6):787-799. doi: 10.1007/s11524-018-0288-9.
The objective of this study was to measure change in obesity prevalence among New York City (NYC) adults from 2004 to 2013-2014 and assess variation across sociodemographic subgroups. We used objectively measured height and weight data from the NYC Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to calculate relative percent change in obesity (≥ 30 kg/m) between 2004 (n = 1987) and 2013-2014 (n = 1489) among all NYC adults and sociodemographic subgroups. We also examined changes in self-reported proxies for energy imbalance. Estimates were age-standardized and statistical significance was evaluated using two-tailed T tests and multivariable regression (p < 0.05). Between 2004 and 2013-2014, obesity increased from 27.5 to 32.4% (p = 0.01). Prevalence remained stable and high among women (31.2 to 32.8%, p = 0.53), but increased among men (23.4 to 32.0%, p = 0.002), especially among non-Latino White men and men age ≥ 65 years. Black adults had the highest prevalence in 2013-2014 (37.1%) and Asian adults experienced the largest increase (20.1 to 29.2%, p = 0.06), especially Asian women. Foreign-born participants and participants lacking health insurance also had large increases in obesity. We observed increases in eating out and screen time over time and no improvements in physical activity. Our findings show increases in obesity in NYC in the past decade, with important sociodemographic differences.
本研究旨在衡量纽约市（NYC）成年人肥胖患病率的变化，时间范围为 2004 年至 2013-2014 年，并评估社会人口统计学亚组之间的差异。我们使用来自 NYC 健康与营养检查调查的客观测量身高和体重数据，计算所有 NYC 成年人和社会人口统计学亚组中肥胖症（≥30kg/m）的相对百分比变化，时间范围为 2004 年（n=1987）和 2013-2014 年（n=1489）。我们还检查了自我报告的能量失衡指标的变化。估计值进行了年龄标准化，使用双侧 T 检验和多变量回归（p<0.05）评估统计学意义。2004 年至 2013-2014 年间，肥胖症的患病率从 27.5%上升至 32.4%（p=0.01）。女性的患病率保持稳定且较高（31.2%至 32.8%，p=0.53），但男性的患病率有所上升（23.4%至 32.0%，p=0.002），尤其是非拉丁裔白人和 65 岁以上的男性。2013-2014 年，黑人群体的肥胖症患病率最高（37.1%），而亚洲成年人的肥胖症患病率增幅最大（20.1%至 29.2%，p=0.06），尤其是亚洲女性。外国出生的参与者和没有医疗保险的参与者的肥胖症患病率也大幅上升。我们观察到随着时间的推移外出就餐和屏幕时间的增加，而身体活动没有改善。我们的研究结果表明，过去十年中，NYC 的肥胖症患病率有所增加，存在重要的社会人口统计学差异。
