The Center of Cardiovascular Disorders, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Pediatrics Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
Int J Biol Sci. 2018 Jun 2;14(9):1000-1011. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.25026. eCollection 2018.
Data from the International Diabetes Federation show that 347 million people worldwide have diabetes, and the incidence is still rising. Although the treatment of diabetes has been advanced, the current therapeutic options and outcomes, complications, are yet far from ideal. Therefore, an urgent need exists for the development of more effective therapies. Numerous studies have been conducted to establish and confirm whether FGF21 exerts beneficial effects on obesity and diabetes along with its complications. However, most of the studies associated with FGF21 were conducted in the patients with type 2 diabetes. Subsequently, the effect of FGF21 in the prevention or treatment of type 1 diabetes and its complications were also increasingly reported. In this review, we summarize the findings available on the function of FGF21 and the status of FGF21's treatment for type 1 diabetes. Based on the available information, we found that FGF21 exerts a hypoglycemic effect, restores the function of brown fat, and inhibits various complications in type 1 diabetes patients. Although these features are predominantly similar to those observed in the studies that showed the beneficial impact of FGF21 on type 2 diabetes and its complications, there are also certain distinct features and findings that may be of provide important and instructive for us to understand mechanistic insights and further promote the prevention and treatment of type 1 diabetes.
国际糖尿病联合会的数据显示，全球有 3.47 亿人患有糖尿病，且发病率仍在上升。尽管糖尿病的治疗已经取得了进展，但目前的治疗选择和结果，以及并发症，仍远不理想。因此，迫切需要开发更有效的治疗方法。许多研究已经证实，FGF21 对肥胖和糖尿病及其并发症具有有益作用。然而，大多数与 FGF21 相关的研究都是在 2 型糖尿病患者中进行的。随后，FGF21 在预防或治疗 1 型糖尿病及其并发症方面的作用也越来越多地被报道。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于 FGF21 功能的研究结果以及 FGF21 治疗 1 型糖尿病的现状。根据现有资料，我们发现 FGF21 具有降血糖、恢复棕色脂肪功能和抑制 1 型糖尿病患者各种并发症的作用。尽管这些特征主要与那些表明 FGF21 对 2 型糖尿病及其并发症具有有益影响的研究相似，但也存在一些明显的特征和发现，这可能为我们理解机制提供重要的启示，并进一步促进 1 型糖尿病的预防和治疗。
