Semren Tanja Živković, Žunec Suzana, Pizent Alica
Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2018 Jun 1;69(2):109-125. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2018-69-3118.
This review article provides a summary of the studies relying on oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in particular) to investigate the effects of atrazine and terbuthylazine exposure in experimental animals and humans published since 2010. In general, experimental animals showed that atrazine and terbuthylazine exposure mostly affected their antioxidant defences and, to a lesser extent, lipid peroxidation, but the effects varied by the species, sex, age, herbicide concentration, and duration of exposure. Most of the studies involved aquatic organisms as useful and sensitive bio-indicators of environmental pollution and important part of the food chain. In laboratory mice and rats changes in oxidative stress markers were visible only with exposure to high doses of atrazine. Recently, our group reported that low-dose terbuthylazine could also induce oxidative stress in Wistar rats. It is evident that any experimental assessment of pesticide toxic effects should take into account a combination of several oxidative stress and antioxidant defence biomarkers in various tissues and cell compartments. The identified effects in experimental models should then be complemented and validated by epidemiological studies. This is important if we wish to understand the impact of pesticides on human health and to establish safe limits.
这篇综述文章总结了自2010年以来发表的依靠氧化应激生物标志物（特别是脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶）来研究阿特拉津和特丁津暴露对实验动物和人类影响的研究。总体而言，实验动物研究表明，阿特拉津和特丁津暴露主要影响其抗氧化防御，对脂质过氧化的影响较小，但影响因物种、性别、年龄、除草剂浓度和暴露持续时间而异。大多数研究涉及水生生物，它们是环境污染的有用且敏感的生物指标，也是食物链的重要组成部分。在实验室小鼠和大鼠中，只有在暴露于高剂量阿特拉津时，氧化应激标志物才会出现变化。最近，我们小组报告称，低剂量特丁津也可诱导Wistar大鼠产生氧化应激。显然，任何农药毒性作用的实验评估都应考虑多种组织和细胞区室中的多种氧化应激和抗氧化防御生物标志物。然后，通过流行病学研究对实验模型中确定的影响进行补充和验证。如果我们希望了解农药对人类健康的影响并确定安全限值，这一点很重要。
