Vandesande Sien, Bosmans Guy, Schuengel Carlo, Maes Bea
Parenting and Special Education Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2019 Jan;32(1):106-120. doi: 10.1111/jar.12513. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
The hallmark of attachment is that contact, proximity and relief from stress are sought from specific individuals, laying important groundwork for healthy socioemotional functioning. This study investigated the extent to which differentiated attachment behaviour can be observed in young children with significant developmental delay (DD).
Video-taped observations of the parent-child and stranger-child interaction were conducted at home and complemented with questionnaires in 20 families with a child with significant DD (age 2-7 years with an average DD of 49 months).
Children displayed more intense and persistent contact-seeking, contact-maintaining and resistant behaviour in the episodes with their parent compared to the episodes with the stranger. Parent-reported secure attachment behaviour was slightly more characteristic towards mother compared to father.
Even children with significant DD develop differentiated attachment behaviour. Detailed observations may support parents in identifying the interactions that make the attachment relationship with their child special.
依恋的标志是寻求与特定个体的接触、亲近以及缓解压力，这为健康的社会情感功能奠定了重要基础。本研究调查了在有显著发育迟缓（DD）的幼儿中，能够观察到分化依恋行为的程度。
对20个有显著发育迟缓儿童（年龄2至7岁，平均发育迟缓49个月）的家庭进行了在家中的亲子和陌生儿童互动的录像观察，并辅以问卷调查。
与和陌生人互动的情节相比，儿童在与父母互动的情节中表现出更强烈、更持久的寻求接触、维持接触和抗拒行为。家长报告的安全依恋行为对母亲的特征略多于对父亲的特征。
即使是有显著发育迟缓的儿童也会发展出分化的依恋行为。详细的观察可能有助于家长识别那些使他们与孩子的依恋关系变得特殊的互动。
