University of Tübingen, Schleichstrasse 4, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
Psychol Res. 2020 Mar;84(2):491-501. doi: 10.1007/s00426-018-1055-y. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
Embodied cognition theories have been getting much support in recent years from studies showing that multimodal experiential traces are activated during language comprehension. However, there are almost no studies examining this influence in the opposite direction. Here, we investigated the influence of modal (physical color patch) and amodal (color word) cues on anagram solving times. We manipulated the association between the color cue and the solution word's referent color (e.g., finding the solution word "cucumber" for the anagram "cmrbucue" should be facilitated by the word "green" or a green color patch). In a third experiment, both cues were combined: a color word was presented inside a color patch before the anagram appeared. We indeed observed priming effects: anagrams were solved faster when the preceding color patch or color word matched the solution word's referent compared to a mismatching color patch or color word. When combining these cues, a priming effect only was found when both color word and color patch matched the solution word's referent. These results further strengthen the notion that multimodal experiential traces play an important role in language comprehension and expand upon the results of earlier studies on anagram solution tasks.
近年来，具身认知理论得到了越来越多的支持，研究表明，在语言理解过程中会激活多模态体验痕迹。然而，几乎没有研究检验这种相反方向的影响。在这里，我们研究了模态（物理颜色补丁）和非模态（颜色词）线索对字谜解决时间的影响。我们操纵了颜色线索与解决方案词所指颜色之间的关联（例如，对于字谜“cmrbucue”，找到解决方案词“cucumber”应该会通过单词“green”或绿色颜色补丁得到促进）。在第三个实验中，两个线索结合在一起：在出现字谜之前，一个颜色词会出现在颜色补丁内。我们确实观察到了启动效应：与不匹配的颜色补丁或颜色词相比，当前面的颜色补丁或颜色词与解决方案词的参考匹配时，字谜解决得更快。当结合这些线索时，只有当颜色词和颜色补丁都与解决方案词的参考匹配时，才会发现启动效应。这些结果进一步加强了多模态体验痕迹在语言理解中起着重要作用的观点，并扩展了早期字谜解决任务研究的结果。
