Centre de Biomédecine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada.
Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
Mar Drugs. 2018 Jul 10;16(7):234. doi: 10.3390/md16070234.
The high-fat diet of North Americans has a major impact on cardiovascular disease occurrence. Notably, fatty acids have been identified as important factors that could modulate such diseases, especially myocardial infarction (MI). Experimentally, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have demonstrated positive effects on cardiovascular disorders and have also shown cardioprotection by decreasing MI size. Although many animal experiments have clearly established the benefits of omega-3 PUFA, clinical studies have not reached similar conclusions. In fact, the findings of recent clinical investigations indicate that omega-3 PUFA play only a minor role in cardiovascular health. This dichotomy between experimental and clinical studies may be due to different parameters that are not taken into account in animal experiments. We have recently observed that the high consumption of omega-6 PUFA results in significant attenuation of the beneficial effect of omega-3 PUFA on MI. We believe that part of the dichotomy between experimental and clinical research may be related to the quantity of omega-6 PUFA ingested. This review of the data indicates the importance of considering omega-6 PUFA consumption in omega-3 PUFA studies.
北美人的高脂肪饮食对心血管疾病的发生有重大影响。值得注意的是，脂肪酸已被确定为可调节此类疾病的重要因素，尤其是心肌梗死 (MI)。实验表明，ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 对心血管疾病有积极作用，并通过减少 MI 面积显示出心脏保护作用。尽管许多动物实验清楚地证实了 ω-3 PUFA 的益处，但临床研究并未得出类似的结论。事实上，最近的临床研究结果表明，ω-3 PUFA 在心血管健康方面的作用较小。这种实验和临床研究之间的二分法可能是由于动物实验中没有考虑到不同的参数。我们最近观察到，ω-6 PUFA 的高消耗导致 ω-3 PUFA 对 MI 的有益作用明显减弱。我们认为，实验和临床研究之间的部分二分法可能与摄入的 ω-6 PUFA 量有关。对这些数据的回顾表明，在 ω-3 PUFA 研究中考虑 ω-6 PUFA 消耗的重要性。
