塞尔曼医科大学学生对献血的认知与态度
Awareness of and attitude towards blood donation in students at the Semnan University of Medical Sciences.
作者信息
Majdabadi Hesamedin Askari, Kahouei Mehdi, Taslimi Soghra, Langari Mahnanz
机构信息
Ph.D. of Health Education and Health Promotion, Assistant Professor, Nursing Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Ph.D. of Health Information Management, Associate Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Health Information Technology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
出版信息
Electron Physician. 2018 May 5;10(5):6821-6828. doi: 10.19082/6821. eCollection 2018 May.
BACKGROUND
Despite the increasing demands for blood and its products, some people, especially the youth, have little interest in donating blood.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the university students' awareness of and attitude towards blood donation.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, a descriptive analytical approach was used to examine awareness of and attitude towards blood donation among students in Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. The study was performed in 2015-2016. A total of 749 university students participated in this study. A special questionnaire was used to collect demographic information and the participants' awareness of and attitude towards blood donation. Before beginning the main phase of the study, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were examined and verified. The SPSS software, version 16, was used for statistical analysis. We used descriptive statistics, specifically chi-square and Friedman tests, to analyze the data. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS
63.55% of the participants were female. Only 9.74% of the participants had a history of blood donation. Based on the results, 253 participants (35.33%) had low awareness, 352 participants (49.16%) had moderate awareness, and 111 participants (15.5%) had good awareness of blood donation. In addition, 176 participants (23.59%) had negative attitude, 438 participants (58.71%) had moderate attitude, and only 132 participants (17.69%) had good attitude towards blood donation. Results also showed a statistically significant relationship between gender and awareness of the history of blood donation (p=0.047). However, there was no significant relationship between gender and attitude towards blood donation (p=0.27). When asked about their favorite method of receiving information about blood donation, 376 participants (50.2%) preferred social media.
CONCLUSION
A considerable percentage of students have low awareness of and negative attitude towards blood donation. The low awareness and negative attitude towards blood donation can be considered as important factors contributing to the lack of interest and poor participation in blood donation among this population. Therefore, there is a critical need for training and culture building activities and programs in order to increase university students' awareness and improve their attitude towards blood donation.
背景
尽管对血液及其制品的需求不断增加，但一些人，尤其是年轻人，对献血兴趣不大。
目的
本研究旨在评估大学生对献血的认知和态度。
方法
在这项横断面研究中，采用描述性分析方法来调查伊朗塞姆南医科大学学生对献血的认知和态度。该研究于2015 - 2016年进行。共有749名大学生参与了本研究。使用一份特殊问卷收集人口统计学信息以及参与者对献血的认知和态度。在研究主要阶段开始前，对问卷的信效度进行了检验和验证。使用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析。我们使用描述性统计，特别是卡方检验和弗里德曼检验来分析数据。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
63.55%的参与者为女性。只有9.74%的参与者有献血史。根据结果，253名参与者（35.33%）对献血认知较低，352名参与者（49.16%）认知中等，111名参与者（15.5%）对献血认知良好。此外，176名参与者（23.59%）态度消极，438名参与者（58.71%）态度中等，只有132名参与者（17.69%）对献血态度良好。结果还显示性别与献血史认知之间存在统计学显著关系（p = 0.047）。然而，性别与献血态度之间没有显著关系（p = 0.27）。当被问及他们最喜欢的获取献血信息的方式时，376名参与者（50.2%）更喜欢社交媒体。
结论
相当一部分学生对献血认知较低且态度消极。对献血的低认知和消极态度可被视为导致该人群对献血缺乏兴趣和参与度低的重要因素。因此，迫切需要开展培训和文化建设活动及项目，以提高大学生对献血的认知并改善他们对献血的态度。
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