Transfusion and Immunohaematology Centre, IRCSS Ca' Granda Foundation, Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Blood Transfus. 2012 Jan;10(1):45-58. doi: 10.2450/2011.0090-10.
For years researchers have been trying to determine what factors influence a person's choice to give blood, with the aim of translating the data collected into ever more concrete operative methods for recruiting new donors and managing and using blood to meet the needs of the donor. Adolescents are a potential source of great interest not only for the blood they could supply, but also because information on the subject of "giving blood" could favour the spread of healthy lifestyles and contribute to the development of a mature, responsible civic culture. The aim of the present study was to investigate the motivations and obstacles to giving blood among adolescents and strategies to recruit donors from this group of subjects.
A self-report questionnaire was given to 3,050 pupils in 11 high schools in the Lombardy Region (Italy) (Age range: 13-21 years, mean 16.5, SD=1.65, males=47.7%, females=52.3%). The questionnaire comprised 14 items that addressed motivations and obstacles to giving blood and recruitment strategies in adolescents, knowledge about the world of blood donation and socio-demographic information. Descriptive analyses (frequencies, means and standard deviations), chi squared test (χ(2)) and the t-test (t) for independent samples were conducted.
The data collected regarding the three abovementioned areas of investigation (motivations, obstacles and recruitment strategies) were analysed with respect to gender. The results yielded some interesting information on which to build hypotheses concerning the pre-established objectives, including the importance of active involvement of adolescents by the organisations charged with promoting blood collection, emphasising the important role of the school and giving the adolescents the chance to meet with an expert on blood donation.
多年来，研究人员一直在试图确定影响一个人献血意愿的因素，目的是将收集到的数据转化为更具体的招募新献血者的操作方法，并管理和使用血液以满足献血者的需求。青少年不仅是潜在的献血来源，而且因为关于“献血”的信息可以促进健康生活方式的传播，并有助于培养成熟、负责的公民文化，所以他们也是一个极具吸引力的研究对象。本研究旨在调查青少年献血的动机和障碍，以及从该群体中招募献血者的策略。
在意大利伦巴第地区的 11 所高中，向 3050 名学生发放了一份自我报告问卷（年龄范围：13-21 岁，平均年龄 16.5，标准差=1.65，男生占 47.7%，女生占 52.3%）。问卷包含 14 个项目，涉及青少年献血的动机和障碍、对献血世界的了解以及社会人口统计学信息。进行了描述性分析（频率、平均值和标准差）、卡方检验（χ(2)）和独立样本 t 检验（t）。
对上述三个调查领域（动机、障碍和招募策略）收集的数据进行了性别分析。结果提供了一些有趣的信息，可以用来构建关于既定目标的假设，包括组织积极吸引青少年参与献血的重要性，强调学校的重要作用，并为青少年提供与献血专家会面的机会。
