PhD Student, School of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Masters Student, School of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2018 Sep;50(5):567-576. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12401. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
China is a country with frequent disasters, and nurses play indispensable roles in the disaster process. The Chinese disaster nursing specialty developed with several deficiencies. This study aimed to identify the limitations in the development of disaster nursing in China and to provide a reference for the future by comparing relevant studies between China and other countries.
A systematic literature review was conducted in English and Chinese databases to identify disaster nursing articles published from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2016.
This study followed the systematic literature collection tactic and bibliometric method. Basic information such as country, number of publications, and discussed disaster types were described through frequency distributions. Article themes were extracted and divided into the four phases of the International Council of Nurses Framework of Disaster Nursing Competencies.
1,384 articles were included in the analysis, containing 781 written in Chinese and 603 written in English (with 56 of them written by Chinese researchers). The number of Chinese disaster nursing articles and other publications increased sharply between 2007 and 2009 but dropped significantly afterwards, while the total number of articles in other countries fluctuated, with a general upward trend. Compared to other countries, there were fewer research methods used and less focus on disaster prevention and preparedness in China, an imbalanced focus on disaster types, and a lack of focus on prevention, preparedness, and recovery phases.
In China, there is a lack of stable development of disaster nursing research, a lack of study types, and less focus on disaster prevention, preparedness, and recovery. Varied study methods and an increased focus on disaster prevention and preparedness are required in the future.
This study analyzed the deficiencies in Chinese disaster nursing, which led to recommendations and proposed directions for future studies and a clinical focus in this field, in compliance with the United Nations guidelines for disaster management.
中国是一个灾害频发的国家，护士在灾害过程中发挥着不可或缺的作用。中国灾害护理专业发展存在若干不足。本研究旨在通过比较中国与其他国家的相关研究，找出中国灾害护理发展的局限性，为未来提供参考。
对 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2016 年 12 月 31 日期间发表的灾害护理文献进行了英文和中文数据库的系统文献回顾。
本研究遵循系统文献收集策略和计量学方法。通过频率分布描述了国家、出版物数量和讨论的灾害类型等基本信息。提取文章主题，并将其分为国际护士理事会灾害护理能力框架的四个阶段。
共纳入 1384 篇文章进行分析，其中中文文章 781 篇，英文文章 603 篇（其中 56 篇由中国研究人员撰写）。中国灾害护理文章和其他出版物的数量在 2007 年至 2009 年间急剧增加，但此后显著下降，而其他国家的文章总数则波动不定，呈总体上升趋势。与其他国家相比，中国使用的研究方法较少，对灾害预防和准备的关注较少，灾害类型的关注不平衡，对预防、准备和恢复阶段的关注较少。
中国灾害护理研究缺乏稳定发展，研究类型缺乏，对灾害预防、准备和恢复的关注较少。未来需要采用不同的研究方法，加强灾害预防和准备的研究。
本研究分析了中国灾害护理的不足，提出了未来研究和临床关注的建议和方向，符合联合国灾害管理指南。
