Spatola Nicolas, Santiago Julio, Beffara Brice, Mermillod Martial, Ferrand Ludovic, Ouellet Marc
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LAPSCO, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2018 Jun 28;9:1019. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01019. eCollection 2018.
A mental metaphor is a strategy that consists of completing the representation of a concept with structural components of a correlating concept. Three issues were addressed here to deepen our understanding of this mechanism: the use of mental metaphors between abstract concepts, the simultaneous activation of multiple mental metaphors and the importance of the focus of attention on the relevant dimensions of a mental metaphor. In two experiments, participants made temporal or valence judgments (with their left or right hand) on verbs with a negative or positive meaning and conjugated in the past or future form, allowing for the simultaneous activation of the "time is space", "valence is space," and "time is valence" mental metaphors. Left-past/right-future and left-negative/right-positive congruency effects were found, and these effects were greater in the temporal and valence judgment tasks, respectively, demonstrating the importance of attentional cuing. Simultaneously, a congruency effect between the abstract concepts of time and valence (past-negative/future-positive) was observed, revealing that a mental metaphor can occur between abstract concepts and that multiple metaphors can be processed simultaneously. These results are discussed in terms of different theories within the field of mental metaphors.
心理隐喻是一种策略，它通过相关概念的结构成分来完成对一个概念的表征。本文探讨了三个问题，以加深我们对这一机制的理解：抽象概念之间心理隐喻的运用、多个心理隐喻的同时激活以及注意力焦点对心理隐喻相关维度的重要性。在两个实验中，参与者用左手或右手对具有消极或积极意义且以过去或将来形式变位的动词进行时间或效价判断，从而实现“时间即空间”“效价即空间”和“时间即效价”心理隐喻的同时激活。发现了左过去/右将来和左消极/右积极的一致性效应，并且这些效应分别在时间和效价判断任务中更为显著，证明了注意力提示的重要性。同时，观察到时间和效价的抽象概念之间的一致性效应（过去消极/将来积极），揭示了心理隐喻可以在抽象概念之间发生，并且多个隐喻可以同时被处理。本文根据心理隐喻领域内的不同理论对这些结果进行了讨论。
