Gilbert-Ouimet Mahée, Ma Huiting, Glazier Rick, Brisson Chantal, Mustard Cameron, Smith Peter M
Axe santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada.
Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2018 Jul 2;6(1):e000496. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000496. eCollection 2018.
According to the International Diabetes Federation, the most important challenge for prevention is now to identify social and environmental modifiable risk factors of diabetes. In this regard, long work hours have recently been linked with diabetes, but more high-quality prospective studies are needed. We evaluated the relationship between long work hours and the incidence of diabetes among 7065 workers over a 12-year period in Ontario, Canada.
Data from Ontario respondents (35-74 years of age) to the 2003 Canadian Community Health Survey were prospectively linked to the Ontario Health Insurance Plan database for physician services and the Canadian Institute for Health Information Discharge Abstract Database for hospital admissions. Our sample consisted of actively employed participants with no previous diagnoses of diabetes. Cox proportional hazard regression models were then performed to evaluate the relationship between long work hours (≥45 hours per week) and the incidence of diabetes.
Long work hours did not increase the risk of developing diabetes among men. However, among women, those usually working 45 hours or more per week had a significantly higher risk of diabetes than women working between 35 and 40 hours per week (HR: 1.63 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.57)). The effect was slightly attenuated when adjusted for the potentially mediating factors which are smoking, leisure time physical activity, alcohol consumption and body mass index.
Working 45 hours or more per week was associated with an increased incidence of diabetes among women, but not men. Identifying modifiable risk factors such as long work hours is of major importance to improve prevention strategies and orient policy making.
根据国际糖尿病联盟的说法，目前预防糖尿病最重要的挑战是确定可改变的社会和环境风险因素。在这方面，长时间工作最近被认为与糖尿病有关，但仍需要更多高质量的前瞻性研究。我们评估了加拿大安大略省7065名工人在12年期间长时间工作与糖尿病发病率之间的关系。
2003年加拿大社区健康调查中安大略省受访者（35 - 74岁）的数据前瞻性地与安大略省医疗保险计划医生服务数据库以及加拿大健康信息研究所住院摘要数据库相链接。我们的样本包括之前未被诊断出患有糖尿病的在职参与者。然后进行Cox比例风险回归模型，以评估长时间工作（每周≥45小时）与糖尿病发病率之间的关系。
长时间工作并未增加男性患糖尿病的风险。然而，在女性中，通常每周工作45小时或更长时间的女性患糖尿病的风险显著高于每周工作35至40小时的女性（风险比：1.63（95%置信区间1.04至2.57））。在对吸烟、休闲时间体育活动、饮酒和体重指数等潜在中介因素进行调整后，这种影响略有减弱。
每周工作45小时或更长时间与女性糖尿病发病率增加有关，但与男性无关。确定诸如长时间工作等可改变的风险因素对于改进预防策略和指导政策制定至关重要。
