University of Central Florida, 12805 Pegasus Dr., Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
Old Dominion University, 1014 W. 46th St., Norfolk, VA, 23509, USA.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2018 Nov;53(11):1253-1263. doi: 10.1007/s00127-018-1557-3. Epub 2018 Jul 12.
Public health and criminal justice stalking victimization data collection efforts are plagued by subjective definitions and lack of known psychosocial correlates. The present study assesses the question of stalking victimization prevalence among three groups. Psychosocial risk and protective factors associated with stalking victimization experiences were assessed.
Archival data (n = 2159) were drawn from a three-sample (i.e., U.S. nationwide sexual diversity special interest group, college student, and general population adult) cross-sectional survey of victimization, sexuality, and health.
The range of endorsement of stalking-related victimization experiences was 13.0-47.9%. Reported perpetrators were both commonly known and unknown persons to the victim. Participants disclosed the victimization primarily to nobody or a family member/friend. Bivariate correlates of stalking victimization were female gender, Associates/Bachelor-level education, bisexual or other sexual orientation minority status, hypertension, diabetes, older age, higher weekly drug use, elevated trait aggression, higher cognitive reappraisal skills, lower rape myth acceptance, and elevated psychiatric symptoms. Logistic regression results showed the strongest factors in identifying elevated stalking victimization risk were: older age, elevated aggression, higher cognitive reappraisal skills, lesser low self-control, increased symptoms of suicidality and PTSD re-experiencing, and female and other gender minority status.
Behavioral approaches to epidemiological and criminal justice stalking victimization are recommended. Victimization under reporting to healthcare and legal professionals were observed. Further research and prevention programming is needed to capitalize on data concerning personality and coping skills, sexual diversity, and trauma-related psychiatric symptoms.
公共卫生和刑事司法领域的 stalking（跟踪骚扰）受害数据收集工作受到主观定义和缺乏已知心理社会相关因素的困扰。本研究评估了三组人群中 stalking 受害的普遍性问题。评估了与 stalking 受害经历相关的心理社会风险和保护因素。
本研究从一个三样本（即美国全国性的性多样性特殊利益群体、大学生和一般成年人群体）横断面受害、性和健康调查中提取了档案数据（n = 2159）。
对与 stalking 相关的受害经历的认可范围为 13.0-47.9%。报告的施害者通常是受害者认识的人或不认识的人。参与者主要向无人或家庭成员/朋友披露受害情况。 stalking 受害的二变量相关因素为女性性别、专科学历、双性恋或其他性少数群体身份、高血压、糖尿病、年龄较大、每周毒品使用量较高、特质攻击性较高、认知重评技能较高、强奸谬论接受程度较低以及精神症状较高。逻辑回归结果显示，识别较高 stalking 受害风险的最强因素为：年龄较大、攻击性较高、认知重评技能较高、低自我控制程度较低、自杀症状和 PTSD 再体验症状增加，以及女性和其他性别少数群体身份。
建议采用行为方法来进行流行病学和刑事司法 stalking 受害研究。观察到向医疗保健和法律专业人员报告受害情况不足。需要进一步研究和预防规划，以充分利用有关人格和应对技能、性多样性和与创伤相关的精神症状的数据。
